Deg tdiwennit-a, newwi-d awal ɣef umecwar n umedyaz Saleh Zaif akked wayen i iceɣben amedyaz aqbayli s umata.
Aɣmis n yimaziɣen: Di kra n wawalen, anwa-t Saleh Zaif i wid ur ak-nessin ara?
Zaif Saleh: Luleɣ ass 17 ɣuct 1963, deg taddart n Tahanouts di tɣiwant n Ait Aissa Mimoun. Ddreɣ tudert-iw am nekk am yimsdurar akk meṛṛa i d-irebba udrar. Ɣriɣ deg uɣerbaz armi d asmi yekteb, syin kemmleɣ taɣuri n ddunit. Qedceɣ daɣen ɣef tmaziɣt ayen iwumi zemreɣ di temẓi-iw, dɣa ttekkeɣ di tiddukkla tadelsant “Iraten” n taddart-iw Tahanouts. D amedyaz, yessefruyen ɣef temsal n ddunit d wayen yettidir, ladɣa uguren i d-yettmagar deg tmetti.
Mmeslay-aɣ-d ugar ɣef leqdic-ik deg tiddukkla-agi?
Tazwara, d nettat i yi-d-irebban, syin akkin fkiɣ-as afud s wayen zemreɣ. Uriɣ-asen i terbeɛt n umezgun timezgunin s teqbaylit, am wakken daɣen i d asen-uriɣ tizlatin i talilt (chorale) ddima n tddukkla-agi i neṣṣaweḍ nessekles deg rradyu tis snat.
Tura hder-aɣ-d ciṭ ɣef yisurifen-ik imenza deg tmedyazt?
Asmi meẓẓiyeɣ, ḥemmleɣ ad sleɣ i temɣart n yemma mi tettrebbi ayetma imecṭaḥ, tezuzun-iten s yisefra d yicewwiqen. Ḥemmleɣ daɣen, di tmeɣriwin, ad smeḥseɣ i tbuɣarin akked usenzi n lḥenni. Am wakken daɣen selleɣ aṭas i lexwan deg lǧanazat. Ṭṭafareɣ diɣen tidwilin n tmedyazt deg rradyu tis snat. Zemreɣ ad d-iniɣ d annect-agi akk i yi-jebden i wakken ad ssefruɣ, mebla ma ttuɣ uguren n tudert-iw. Cfiɣ am tura ɣef usefru amezwaru i uriɣ, nekk imir-nni d ilemẓi n 13 n yiseggasen. S wakka zemreɣ ad d-iniɣ belli bdiɣ tamedyazt deg useggas n 1974 neɣ 1975, imir-nni i bdiɣ ttcudduɣ imeslayen. Yedda lweqt, uɣaleɣ ttṣeggimeɣ-ten akken iwata lḥal. Syin akkin, nexdem-d yiwet n terbaɛt n ccna n yilmeẓyen nekk d ucennay Karim Khelfaoui akked umedyaz-nneɣ Tchamouh, cwiṭ cwiṭ armi i d-ufiɣ iman-iw ttaruɣ-as tizlatin i umeddakkel Karim Khelfaoui.
Neẓra belli, assaɣ yellan gar-k d Karim Khelfaoui, yeǧhed mačči d kra…
D awal-ik kan ara d-ḥyuɣ, Karim Khelfaoui, ttwaliɣ-t d gma d ameddakkel, imi akken-nni i nerẓa azaglu. Tecrek-aɣ lemḥibba dayen kan, nemqarab di tiktiwin d tmuɣliwin ɣef ddeqs n temsal n ddunit. Seg wasmi i d-nekker d imecṭaḥ, akken i neddukkul. Yuɣal asmi yebda ccna, yuẓ-d ɣur-i i wakken ad as-fkeɣ isefra. Dɣa nekk, ssefruyeɣ, netta icennu isefra-w di tezlatin-is.
Ma tzemmreḍ ad ak-d-tefkeɣ kra n yizwal n yisefra-k yecna Karim Khelfaoui?
Ad d-kfeɣ kra mačči d aɣbel, acu kan mačči irkelli. Amedya n tezlit: ‘’Seqsi iman-ik d acu-k’’, ‘’Wissen ma ad am-yexdem leḥsan’’, ‘’Semman-iyi medden sufǧeɣ’’, ‘’Ttwaliɣ mmi d mmi-m’’, ‘’Ay irij ḥader ad texsiḍ’’, s wayes yettwassen aṭas. Ulamma, llan wid yeẓran annect-a, maca drus.
Amek si tama d amedyaz yettwafren, si tama-nniḍen d amedyaz yettwassnen?
Ad d-zwireɣ s Saleh amedyaz yettwafren, imi tazwara, muggreɣ aṭas n wuguren deg tmetti anda i d-kkreɣ. Di tazwara gguman i yi-fehmen d amedyaz, yerna ilaq ad seḥbibreɣ ɣef wassaɣen-iw d twacult-iw. D ayen-nni i xedmeɣ armi d asmi i yi-fehmen. Yerna zik, am wakken i t-id-nniɣ yakan, xedmeɣ tizlatin i talilt n tddukkla n taddart-iw, ttekkaɣ daɣen deg tfaskiwin n tmedyazt. Yuɣal yedda lweqt, ufiɣ-d iman-iw ttemririɣeɣ deg wuguren, dɣa riɣ aḍar ɣer deffir deg leqdic. Ma deg tira, ddiɣ aṭas ɣer sdat. Yerna zwareɣ swayen yezwaren; am uxxam, axeddim…atg. S wawal-nniḍen, zemreɣ ad d-inniɣ d ajbad i jebdeɣ iman-iw cwiṭ ɣef uḥric-agi n tmedyazt, tura uɣaleɣ-d. Tura ad d-uɣaleɣ ɣer Saleh amedyaz yettwassen. Ilmeẓyen d yirgazen n zik, ssnen-iyi akk d amedyaz, ma d tasuta-agi tamirant, ddeqs deg-sen ur ẓrin ara. Tuget n tuɣac n Karim Khelfaoui d nekk i tent-yuran, meɛna ddeqs ur neɛlim ara. Am wakken i t-id-nniɣ yakan, iɛedda yiwen n lweqt ttekkeɣ deg tfaskiwin n tmedyazt tamaziɣt. Ma d tura akka, stufeɣ-d i tira, dɣa ha-t-an ttheggiɣ ammud n yisefra.
Neḥsa belli, tesmenyifeḍ isefra imettiyen ɣef wiyaḍ-nniḍen, acu tenniḍ?
D tidet gar 500 n yisefra i uriɣ ar tura, tuget deg-sen ssefreɣ deg-sen ɣef temsal n tmetti d wuguren-is: tayri, lefraq, tagmat, tudert n umedyaz, maca taggara-agi, xeddmeɣ aṭas daɣen ɣef ttrebga, imi timetti-nneɣ tbeddel aṭas mačči akka i tella. Tura, ulac leqder, ulac lḥerma, ulac ula d nnif-nni swayes nettzuxu.
Ma tzemmreḍ ad aɣ-d-tefkeḍ tukkist seg yiwen n usefru?
Mačči d aɣbel, ad d-awiɣ tukkist seg yiwen usefru, iwumi semmeɣ “Afrux”, ha-tt-an ihi tseddart tamezwarut n usefru-agi:
« Ay afrux s daxel n lqus
Amek i d ak-rran d ameḥbus
Amek i d ak-ɣebban tilelli
Amdan d nekk i iɛus
Yeṭṭef-iyi-d s ufus
Yettabeɛ deg-i am tili »
Amek tettwaliḍ kečč s timmad-ik amedyazt akked tmedyazt?
Ad d-zwireɣ si tmedyazt, nekk ttwaliɣ-tt d adif n tutlayt tamaziɣt. Axaṭer idles-nneɣ yella di timawit kan, d nettat i iseḥbabren ɣef teqbaylit neɣ ɣef tmaziɣt s umata ɣef nger. Akken ttwaliɣ nekk, tamedyazt tuẓẓa ɣer sdat miḥ, d ayen wallaɣ di tfaskiwin n tmedyazt ideg ttekkeɣ yakan am tinna n Yusef u Qasi d Si Muḥend u Mḥend, am tinna n Ccix Muḥend U Lḥussin…at. Ma d tura, ad d-uɣaleɣ ɣer umedyaz, nekk ttwaliɣ am usafu ireqq yettaẓ ɣer sdat, netta ad ireqq, ad d-yettak tafat i wiyiḍ. Imi netta d lemri n tmetti-ines, yettak-d tikwal iwellihen i medden ɣef temsal i d as-yeḍran i netta. Axaṭer amedyaz ur yettḥulfu ara kan s wayen yettidir kan netta, ma yettidir d wayen tettidir tmetti. Amedyaz daɣen ilaq ad iɣer tamedyazt n wiyaḍ, ma yebɣa ad yaẓ ɣer sdat, nekk dɣa s timmad-iw ɣriɣ ammuden n tmedyazt ama s teqbaylit ama s tefransist.
Tenniḍ-d yakan belli tessewjadeḍ ammud n yisefra?
Asirem-iw ameqqran d wagi, ad d-yeffeɣ wayen zerɛeɣ acḥal d aseggas. Tura akka ur zmireɣ ara ad d-fkeɣ ugar n yisallen fell-as, mi yewjed ad d-yeffeɣ i wakken ad t-ɣren medden. Imi tikti-agi n tira n udlis n tmedyazt d taqdimt, meɛna armi d tura i waɛeɣ yerna i stufeɣ. Am wakken daɣen i ttheggiɣ ungal s teqbaylit ara d-yefɣen deg yiseggasen i d-iteddun, aql-iyi bdiɣ ttaruɣ deg-s cwiṭ cwiṭ.
Awal-ik n taggara…
Tamezwarut, ad awen-iniɣ tanemmirt s tussda i kunwi d uɣmis-nwen « La Dépêche de Kabylie », tis snat, tanemmirt i wid iqeddcen akk deg uḥric n yidles ladɣa idles aqbayli neɣ amaziɣ s umata. Sarameɣ ad taweḍ tutlayt tamaziɣt s amekkan i d as-iwulmen, imi ulamma tedda ɣer sdat, maca mazal ur tewwiḍ ara anda i ilaq ad taweḍ.
Yesteqsa-t Adaoun Abdelghani