Liḥala n tmeṭṭut tamaziɣt , uguren tettmagar di tudert-is, asirem-is deg tmazɣa wakali d tuttriwin iɣef nebɣa ad d-nawi tiririt. Akken ad d- yili wannect-a neqseḍ Silya Tanazart akken ad aɣ-d- tefk tamuɣli-s ɣef temsalt-agi. Silya Tanazart d tamejjayt n wul, tlul di Agadir di 13 Yunyu 1988 di Lmerruk. Tura, tettidir di Marikan( terza ɣer din asmi i tesɛa 15 n yiseggasen di lɛemr-is) anda teɣra la biochimie di tesdawit n Richmonds di Verginie. Silya d tameɣnast deg umussu adelsan amaziɣ, d taɛeggalt deg tiddukla n yimaziɣen n Marikan( Amazigh American Association of the Greater Washington DC ) yesɛan leqrar di washington. Gar yiswiyen n tiddukla-agi asnerni n yidles amaziɣ akked uḥareb ɣef timadit tamaziɣt n ugdud n tferka n ugafa.
Amek tella liḥala n tmeṭṭut tamaziɣt di Lmerruk ?
Di leɛwayed n yimaziɣen, tameṭṭut, si zik, tesɛa leɛnaya. Tettiki deg uskasi icudden ɣer yiɣeblan tettidir tmetti s umata, awal-is yettɛeddi u yesɛa leqrar. Deg umezruy-nneɣ, d tameṭṭut i yettleqqimen ilugan n yidles-nneɣ i tarwa. Leqdic n urgaz akked win n tmeṭṭut (xas yemgared), timetti –nneɣ taqburt tga-as yiwen wazal. Tesseɛdel-iten, wa ur d- yekki nnig wa. Di leqdim n zman, tameṭṭut tamaziɣt tesɛa azal meqqren, tikwal tella ɣef tgelda n kra n temnaḍin. Ass-a, tallest tamaziɣt tettwaweḍ. Tenquqel lɛezza-s. Tettwaweḍ deg yixef-is iɛebban tuntayt( féminité) am wakken i tettwaweḍ di tmuzɣa- ines. Mačči kan ilaq-as ad tennaɣ ɣef yizerfan-ines d tmaṭṭut, ilaq-as diɣ ad tennaɣ ɣef timmuzɣa-ines. Ilaq-as ad tennaɣ ɣef timuzɣa ines , akken ad teqqim dima d nettat i d dduḥ amezwaru deg tettnekkar u tettnerni tmaziɣt. Ilaq-as ad tennaɣ akken ad tẓerreb ɣef uhamaj deg yixef-is i d- yewwi yidles aɛrab-ineslem ɣer tmura –nneɣ. Deg umussu adelsan amaziɣ (di Lmerruk) ur gtent ara tlawin iqeddcen deg uḥric-agi. Tuget n tdukliwin timaziɣin yellan di Lmerruk i tent-iɛemren d irgazen. Drus n tlawin i yellan deg unnar, ḥala tid yeččuren d tasa, d tid yumnen s yidles amaziɣ. Tullas yellan d timeɣnasin ɣef yidles amaziɣ, d tid i d-yugmen tabɣest di lliqa n timmuzɣa yettazzalen deg yixef-nsent. Sebba ɣef wacu drus i yellan n tullas deg unnar n timeɣnest yeqqen ɣer watmaten-nneɣ s timad-sen, acku atmaten-nneɣ imaziɣen mazal sɛan yir tamuɣli ɣer tilawin yettnadin tilelli n wawal akked leqdic. Deg tudrin neɣ deg temdinin tuget n tyestmatin-nneɣ ur ssinent ara izerfan-nsent. Ttkukrunt ad qazment taluft. D nutenti i d timezwura (akked dderya-nsent) i yettḥaz waṭṭan icudden ɣer tuẓuft. Liḥala-nsent reqiqet, acku lḥif akked lmizirya srewten deg yixfawen-nsent….lqella n leqraya, yir tamuɣli n tmeti ɣer ljiha-nsent , ur tent-iɛawen ara akken ad ilint d iferdisen s lekmal di tudert n yal ass. Tid yeɣran ttemḍarkalent ɣef yidelsan ijenṭad am taɛrabt akked tefransist. Liḥala-agi ( tunḥist ɣef tmeṭṭut) tefka iɣisi i timadi-nsent… yetteɛraq-asent anwa i d nekk. Di tilawt, liḥala n tmeṭṭut tamaziɣt di Lmerruk ur tessefraḥ ara.
Anti tilawin irefden asafu n timmuzɣa di tmurt n Lmerruk ?
Di Lmerruk neɣ di tmazɣa irkelli, ur nessin ara anta taddart ideg d argaz i yeggaren azeṭṭa. Leqdic-agi (yellan d taẓuri s tehri n wawal) d ayla n tullas . D nutenti i as- yellan di lmendad, i as- yeẓḍan udem. Deg-s i srusuyent iḥulfan-nsent. Tilawin timaziɣin si zik ggarent azeṭṭa s yiwen uɣanib deg sedduyent kra di tecriḥt-nsent. Azeṭṭa d tizumelt n tmeṭṭut. Azeṭṭa ɣer-sent d yiwen wudem n taywalt i kesbent nutenti kan. Tuget n tullas –nneɣ yeggaren azeṭṭa, d tinaẓurin di teklut anda i d- ssebganent tidmi-nsent lqayen. Amedya, Najat Akazum yellan d tanaẓurt di teklut i as- yennan : « rreqm-iw d azamul n timadit-inu ». Tella diɣ Fatima Tamlalt i tewlen nezzeh deg uzeṭṭa akked teklut, xas akken ur teɣri ara. D nettat i yeldin aɣerbaz n teklult akken ad lemdent tullas taẓuri-agi id -yekkan si zman aqbur , am wakken diɣ i tella deffir tlalit n tiddukla « tmalalt » yettnaɣen ɣef yizerfan n tmeṭṭut tamaziɣt. Ass-a, Fatima d yiwen n uzamul n tlawin yugin kennu, yugin lbaṭel, yettnaɣen akken ad ilint. Fatima Tamlelt mačči kan txeddem taklut , meɛna s nmara i tesɛa tuɣal tettmeslay( nnig tamaziɣt) tutlayin nniḍen am tefransit s wacu i d -te ttɛeggin i tmuɣli-ines akked tikta- ines ɣef tudert akked yiɣeblan-is.
Anwa i d abrid iwulmen akken ad tili tneflit n tsekla taywamit tamaziɣt ?
Tasekla taywamit di Lmerruk txuṣ mačči d kra. Nnig n tmedyazin am Tabuɛemrant, Talbensirt i ikecmen annar n ccna akken ad ssiwḍent amazan-nsent i ugdud wakali, imyura d temyura-nneɣ ur ttwasnen ara s waṭas. Akken ad tefti tsekla taywamit, tamaziɣt ilaq ad tekcem deg tenfalit n tdamsa n yidles akked tmetti. Ɣef waya, ilaq yal yiwen ad yissin izerfan-ines akked walsen-ines( devoirs).
Acu-ten wuguren i d- tettmagar tmeṭṭut tamaziɣt di Lmerruk ?
Ccek-iw, iɣblan tettmager tmeṭṭut din ɣer-neɣ d wid i tettmager tmeṭṭut di tamazɣa irkelli. Tameṭṭut tamaziɣt akked tlawin n umaḍal s umata mazal yella fell-asent lbaṭel .Mazal-itent ddaw tekriḍt n yirgazen, imi ttuneḥsaben llan nnig-sent. Di Lmerruk, « la moudawana » yellan d lqanun, ireṣṣa leɛli n urgaz ɣef tmeṭṭut. Xas akken yettuɛawed zeɛma deg useggas n 1993, di tilawt kra ur ibeddel ɣef tmeṭṭut. Xas akken iṣuḍaf i as-igan miḥiyaf zeɛma ttwaksen, di tudert n yal ass, tameṭut tettwaḥqer, tettqazam rregmat, asebxes n yirgazen deg ubrid neɣ deg uxxam. Tameṭṭut tamaziɣt tettwaɛzel acku, di tmura yesburren tacḍat tineslemt, ulac azref i tmeṭṭut. Di tmetiyin-agi, tameṭṭut iqeddcen di tmusni , yebɣan ad tezdi s lqedd tettuneḥsab d yir nettat. Ma ur tt-sseɣlin, ad as-id- jaben ticrurin sya d sya akken ad tt- ssimsen !
Amek i as- ilaq iwakken ad tbeddel liḥala-agi fell-as?
Ilaq imenɣi ɣef yizerfan-ines . Ilaq ad nessegrireb aɣrab n ẓẓur i d-isers urgaz fell-as d ẓẓur yerran tullas ddaw ugerz n yirgazen. Ilaq diɣ tasnekla taɛrabt-tineslemt ad terr aḍar, acku seg-s i d- yekka wannect-a n tmuḥeqranit mgal tameṭṭut. D nettat i d ajgu n uxxam akked tmetti . Ilaq argaz amaziɣ ad yegzi belli skud tameṭṭut tettuḍerref , agdud amaziɣ s lekmal-is ad yaf iman-is di rrif. Aṭas n yimeɣnasen imaziɣen i d- yettawin inaw agrawli ɣer yizerfan n tmeṭṭut, meɛna nutni s timad-nsen d imezwura i yetterkaḍen izerfan-agi s wacu i ttgallan. D ahdum ! Akken ad aɣ -d- ḍsen wussan, ilaq lemqadra gar urgaz akked tmeṭṭut, ilaq tikli idis ɣer yidis di yal aḥric n tmeddurt tatrart. Ilaq izerfan n tmeṭṭut ad as- ttuḥarben, am wakken ilaq unekcum n tmeṭṭut ɣer ugni n tsertit akked yidles…
Acu iwumi zemrent tullas timaziɣin yettidiren beṛṛa n tmazɣa ad t-id -awint i yidles amaziɣ ?
Ugur ameqran yellan , d akken nekni s yiɣriben yegzem umrar gar-aɣ d yidles-nneɣ . Di tmura tiberraniyin, ur nettidir ara idles-nneɣ akken nebɣa. Ɣef waya, tuget seg-neɣ tettun aɛdil n tnaslit , keččmen di lqaleb n tudert tatrart n tmura tiberraniyin ideg ttidiren. Ayen i tezmer ad tawi tmeṭṭut tamaziɣt yettidiren di lɣerba, d tikta timaynutin, d lɛeqliya tajḍidṭ ara tleqqem ɣef tin i aɣ- d- ǧǧan lejdud. Tilelli i d- tettemagar di tmura, yeddan di tenfalit, yefka i tmeṭṭut tamaziɣt ttawil akken ad tesɛu tamuɣli lqayen ɣef yidles-nneɣ akken ad ttani seg-s ayen ikerfen( ad as- tezwi tindal) daɣ ad tḥareb ɣef wayen i ittellin lqid i umdan akked tmetti.
D acu i d izen n Silya i tulawwin tiqbayliyin s umata ?
Ayen zemreɣ ad t-id- iniɣ i tyisetmatin-iw tiqbayliyin neɣ timaziɣin s umata, d akken ilaq aseḥbiber ɣef uktay-nneɣ yellan d imezdi. Ilaq tasuta ad t-id- teǧǧ i tayeḍ akken aẓar-nneɣ d awezɣi ad yenger. D wa kan i nesɛa d asirem akken ccetla tamaziɣt ad tennerni u d awazɣi a tt-yeɣḍer lawan, imi akken neẓra : nnekwa-nneɣ, idles-nneɣ, tutlayt-nneɣ aten-in d tadla zdat idelsan ijenṭad i aɣ-d- yezzin ama si daxel n tmurt neɣ beṛṛa n tmurt.
Ait Slimane Hamid