Nnan-d yimnadiyen d akken yesseqdac Ɛmer Mezdad s waṭas tiwsatin yellan di timawit, deg tira- s.
Aḥric wis 3
Nufa-d aya deg wammud Tuɣalin, maca yal tikkelt amek ara yesseqdec tawsit–nni : tikkelt, ad as-ibeddel ; tikkelt-nniḍen, ad tt- yeǧǧ akken tella. Yemmeslay-d, dɣa, Salhi M-Akli ɣef tmiḍrant n unaqel ‘‘La délocalisation’’.
Aseqdec n yinzan
deg tullisin « Tuɣalin » :
Gar tewsatin timensayin i d –ibanen deg wammud « Tuɣalin », ad naf inzan. Uqbel ad nẓer amek i d-yugem Mezdad, i d-yesnulfa d wamek yesseqdec inzan deg wammud-a, ad nawi awal s tewzel ɣef tewsit-a. Inzan , d tawsit yettwasen mliḥ deg timawit. D tawsit i yettilin s timawit, dayen yettilin ɣer yimdanen yeddan di leɛmer. Sseqdacen Leqbayel inzan mačči kan i ucebbeḥ n yinan, maca ssexdamen-t i wayen-nniḍen, imi s yinzi tzemreḍ ad tefruḍ ccwal, ad tesserseḍ tilla .
Teddun-d yinzan deg yinaw d umeslay n yal ass. Sseqdacen-ten yimedyazen s waṭas deg yisefra-nsen. Gar yimedyazen n tura, ad naf Lunis Ayt Mengellat. Iban-d d akken iwata usemres-is i tewsit-a tamensayt deg yisfra-s akked ccna-s.Ula d imyura iqbayliyen yettarun deg tewsatin tiseklanin timaynutin am wungal d tullist , sseqdacen s waṭas deg tira-nsen inzan. Dɣa, Ɛmer Mezdad gar yimyura i yesseqdacen s tuget inzan deg tira-s, dayen ara d-nẓer deg wammud-a “ Tuɣalin”.
Aɛiwed s talɣa n tezwert
Dagi yesseqdec inzan , yezwer-d s kra n talɣiwin n tezwert. Imedyaten: -Akken, yenna winna n zzman: yuqa uɣrum aẓidan , alamma megreɣ tiɣfert.(sb 73). -yak imezwura qqaren: ssber d aḥbib n Rebbi.(sb 73). Maca yella wanda yerra talɣa-a ɣer taggara deg sb:57 “Eneɣ -it, ad trebḥeḍ” akken qqaren. Am wakken daɣen yesseqdac inzan yellan deg timawit, ur asen-ibeddel ara ama deg ugbur- nsen neɣ deg umawal- nsen. Yewwi-ten-id akken llan di timawit. Imedyaten: -Sb: 19 “Ula d uzzal ad yeḥfu “. -Sb: 43 “Ayen txedmeḍ ad tafeḍ , ayen tzerɛeḍ ad tmegreḍ”. Mi i d-yewwi Ɛmer Mezdad inzan s talɣiwin n tezwert, yessebgan-d d akken yeṭṭef deg timawit d tensayit. Aseqdec n yinzan s talɣiwin n tezwert sɛan azal , yis-sent i d-yefka tifukal-is, dayen i d-yessebganen yis-sen taqbaylit . Si tama-nniḍen, ma nuɣal ɣer unaqel iɣef i d-yewwi ameslay Salhi M-Akli, ad naf dagi Ɛmer Mezdad, yesseqdac anaqel udlif (délocalisation graphique). Meḥsub yexdem akarif (fixation) s tira, mebɛed mi llan deg timawit. Dayen i d-yessebganen assaɣ yellan gar timawit d tirawit.
Aɛiwed n usseɣwel n yinzan deg tullisin “ Tuɣalin”
Deg-s , ad nẓer amek yesseqdec umaru-a inzan i d-yewwi seg timawit. Inzan i d-yugem seg timawit, yexdem–asen asseɣwel (transformation ). Yella daɣen anda i d-yettili kan ubeddel s tama n umawal d tseddast. Ad d-nẓer imedyaten i d-nekkes deg wammud-a. -Sb: 10. “Anida yezdem i d-tesqucḍed”. Deg timawit yella “Anda i d-zedmeɣ i d-tesqucḍeɣ”
Mi i as-ibeddel Ɛmer Mezdad i wanzi-a, tebeddel ula d tawuri-s. Dagi yebɣa ad d-yessebggen belli akken yebɣu yilli yesɛa tirmit, yugar-it Dda Rezqi, yefka-as ugar n wazal i uwudam “Dda Rezqi”. -Sb: 26. “Yecfa-d i lebḥar asmi yerɣa”. Yella deg timawit “Yecfa-d i lebḥar, asmi yexdem d ibawen”. Deg sin yinzan–a, anamek ur ibeddel ara, yiwen n unamek i sɛan ama deg timawit, ama deg tirawit. Maca yella-d kan ubeddel deg uḥric wis sin n yinzi yesseqdec umeskar, dayen yerra d acali n tutlayt n teqbaylit. Tawuri-s deg uḍris n umaru, yebɣa ad yeglem axxam-nni,ugar. Ad t-id-yessebggen d aqdim mliḥ. -Sb : 34. “Tifidi i asen-ikecmen iɣes, dayen ur tetteffeɣ”. Deg timawit yella “Tewweḍ tfidi s iɣes”. Sb :43. “Yal wa ayen iga, ad yemlil yides, ama d ayen yelhan , ama dayen n diri”. Deg timawit yella “Yal yiwen ad yemlil d lfeɛl-is ”. Sb :50 “Kra din yettfukku : aɛebbuḍ ulac acu ara t-yeččaren ; d anekkar ; ur iceffu ara ; d tasreft iwumi ur d-iban ulqaɛ. Kra i as-tesmareḍ, ur t-yettacar, anagal akal”. Dagi, yewwi-d u yesseqdec ugar n yiwen n wanzi. Deg uḥric amenzu “Kra din yettfukku”, deg timawit yella “Kra yellan ad yekfu ala Rebbi ara ara d-yeqqimen”. Netta yewwi-d kan aferdis amenzu deg-s akked yinzi-nniḍen yellan deg timawit “Aɛebbuḍ ala akal ara t-yeččaren”. Dagi, ameskar yexdem asseɣwel (transformation ) i yinzan i d –yewwi seg timawit (deg yimedyaten 34 ,43 d 50), tawuri-s d aglam , yerra ad yessiweḍ ugar tamuɣli-s.
Asnulfu n yinzan deg wammud « Tuɣalin »
Deg wammud-a, nufa amyaru yessnulfa-d, diɣ, inzan. Deg yimedyaten–a, nezmer ad nẓer tamuɣli n inagmayen ɣef usnulfu deg tsekla yettwarun. Tewwi-d awal Ursula Baumgardt deg umagrad 1 « Variabilité, transmission, création » id-yeddan deg udlis « littératures orales africaines, perspectives théoriques et méthodologique » nettat d J-Derive ɣef wamek i ttwalin tamiḍrant n « usnulfu » aseklan. Llan yinagmayen i yerran asnulfu d igi (acte) n yiman, d netta kan i d bab-is imi dagi imnadiyen, rran kan azal i umaru. Syin akkin, yedda unadi aseklan, nulfant-d teẓriwin i yerran azal i wayen yellan deg udlis am « umyeḍres »i yettwalin ulac aḍris i d-yennulfan i yiman-is , yesɛa assaɣ ɣer wiyaḍ. Ɣef wanect-a, tella-d tmiḍrant « innovation », meḥsub yesnulfa-d, maca ayen i d-yewwi, yakan, dayen yekseb deg tmetti-s : ama d idlis neɣ d tutlayt . Ma nuɣal ɣer wayen yexdem Ɛmer Mezdad deg yimedyaten-a i d-nefka, nezmer ad ten-neḥseb d asnulfu, maca n wayen yellan yakan, imi netta yettawi-d seg timawit, ayen yellan ɣer wat zik . Ma nuɣal ɣer tmuɣli n unagmay Salhi M-Akli deg tmiḍrant « unaqel n tiɣunba », mi ara d-yawi umaru iḍrisen seg timawit ɣer tirawit, yesseɣwal-iten, armi yezmer ad yennal taɣessa d twuri n uḍris- nni i d- yewwi akken. Ihi, Ɛmer Mezdad, yesseɣwel inzan, llan wid iwumi ibeddel taɣessa, Amd sb : 50.amek yella deg timawit, amek i t-yerra deg tirawit. Deg wammud-a, yessnulfa-d umyru inzan, dayen ara d-nẓer deg yimedyaten-a:Sb : 25. “Tuffɣa yessuffuɣ, inig yessawaḍ’’. Sb :31. “ Ul ma yeqqur, iẓri yennejla fell-as imeṭṭi”. Sb :35. “-Afus ma yegzem-as uḍad, d awezɣi ad yuɣal am zik”. -“Tiṭ yemmaren, dayen ur tettwali”.
Drifa Hamzaoui