At taddart akken llan qqaren-d isem-agi n El Kelâa yettwanefk imi amezwaru-nsen, Braham Ouyekhlef, yekka-d seg El Kelâa Beni Hammad seg tama n Bgayet.
Isem “El Kelâa”
Tettwabna Kalâat Beni Hammad deg useggas 1007 deg lwilaya n Msila. Yebna-tt Hammad mmi-s n Bouloughin u jeddi-s d Ziri win i d-ixelqen Lezzayer, tamanaɣt n tura. Yettwḥres Ihilaliyen, syin iruḥ-d ɣer Bgayet. Syin-a i d-yusa, ɣef waken i d-yenna Braham Ouyekhlef. Mi d-yewweḍ ɣer tama n Uẓeffun, yeṭṭef amekkan deg tewrirt i wumi qqaren akka tura Misura. Ruḥ a zman, rwaḥ a zman, yuɣal yesɛa uguren imeqqranen akked sselṭan n Temguḍt.
Cwal ɣe gma-s armi d asmi i t-yenɣa sselṭan-agi. Asmi i d-ufan warraw n Braham Ouyekhlef aman seg tama n wadda n Misura, subben-d deg 4 yid-sen ɣer din u xelqen-d taddart i wumi fkan isem-agi n tura El Kelâa. Ad naf deg taddart-a 4 n yiderma i yewwin ismawen n warraw n Braham Ouyekhlef, yella udrum At Ḥmida, At Saɛdi, At Ɛli d Wat Buǧemɛa, rnu adrum wis xemsa n yimrabḍen. Zedɣen deg El Kelâa, azal n 1000 n yimdanen, ɛlayet ɣef lebḥar s wazal n 600 lmitrat.
Tesɛa tilisa akked tɣiwant n At Cafeɛ seg tama n usamar, seg umalu, ad naf taɣiwant n Tifrit, seg ugafa yella Uẓeffun ma ɣer tama n unẓul d Aqerru.
Lǧameɛ Ufella neɣ tajmaɛt
Ɣef wakken i aɣ-d-yenna yiwen umaɣar, ɛeddan 10 n leqrun seg wasmi yettwabna Lǧameɛ Ufella. Yettwabna s ufella n yiwen uẓru ameqqran, u sseqdacen-t, diɣ, d tajmaɛt anda ttnejmaɛen yimezdaɣ n taddart-a. Acu kan mačči ala i waya i t-sseqdacen. Ssexdamen-t, daɣen, d tazeqqa n creɛ anda i tettcaraɛ taddart wid i d-yettawin tilufa. “Mi ara d-yawi yiwen taluft, ad d-ibedd, dagi deg lǧamaɛ, sdat n taddart i wakken ad yettwacareɛ ɣef wayen yexdem. Syin, ad teḥkem taddart fell-as”, akka i aɣ-d-yenna yiwen umɣar.
Ɣef tama n lǧameɛ-a, tella yiwet n temduct tamecṭuḥt i ɣzan deg uẓru, mazal-itt ar ass-a n wussan tettacar d aman. Deg umekkan-a i reḥḥun s ablaḍ, zik, Wat taddart tiqubac, lemmus d wayen i ssemsaden. Sya ɣer da, mi yeḥma wuzzal-nni, ad t-rren ɣer daxel n waman i wakken ad d-yesmiḍ. Akka tura, Lǧameɛ Ufella, d amekkan qesden s waṭas yimezdaɣ deg unebdu, ttɣimen deg-s imi ttafen dinna tasmuḍ d tsusmi. Ma d amek i yettwabna, yules-aɣ-d taqsiḍt-is yiwen umɣar, yenna-d: “Asmi kkren yimezdaɣ ad bnun lǧameɛ, ur mmsefhamen ara ɣef umekkan anda ara t-xedmen, yella-d umqelleɣ d umgarad gar-asen.
Kra, bɣan-t deg tama ideg yella akka tura, wiyaḍ deg tama-nniḍen. Ihi, imi ur d-ufin tifrat, deggren taluft i wakken ad tt-kemmlen azekka-nni. Acu kan, ṣsbeḥ mi d-kkren Wat taddart, ufan-d yebda lebni n lǧameɛ s ufella n uẓru. Ihi, imi wallan akken, ur yelli ɣef wacu ara kemmlen anejmuɛ: teddez, tebrez. Ɣef wakka, dɣa, i as-qqaren Lǧameɛ n lmalayka”.
El Kelâa, taddart n yimeɣras
Tettuneḥsab El Kelaâ gar tudrin timezwura n tmurt n Lezzayer ur nesɛi ula d yiwen n uḥerki. Imezdaɣ n taddart akken llan, qeccuc-meccuc, ddan akked deg ubrid n tegrawla. Aya iɛawen aṭas imezdaɣ i wakken ad ẓden tagmat gar-asen xas ulamma xelṣen-tt s yidammen-nsen. “Nxelleṣ-it ɣlayet ibeddi-nni nbedd ɣer tama n tegrawla. Thudd u tesserɣ Fransa taddart-nneɣ imi ṭṭuqqten dagi yimjuhad”, i aɣ-d-yules tadyant yiwen umezdaɣ n taddart-agi.
Tamsalt n yimsiḍnen (compteurs)
Am tuget n tudrint n tmurt n leqbayel, El Kelâa, sedduyen-tt yiqerra n taddart neɣ wid i wumi qqaren ṭtemman i d-yettwafernen deg unejmuɛ n taddart. Gar yisenfaren i texdem taddart i yiman-is, nezmer ad d-nader: abelleḍ d uslaɣ n yiberdan s siman, afras n yiɣbula d bennu n tliwa i yal adrum deg taddart, asizdeg n yimekwan izamulen yellan deg tama-nni, beddu n lebni n yiwen lǧameɛ ameqqran…atg. “Kra n wayen akk nserref deg yisenfaren-a, yekka-d seg-neɣ; d nekni i d-ibezren gar-aneɣ. Wamma ula d asurdi yeflan ur d-yekki ɣer dduwla. Acu kan, ugur ameqqran, ɣef waken i d-nnan yimezdaɣ, d anekcum-nni n waman i ǧǧan deg tlemmas n umahil.
“Ugar n useggas seg wasmi nxelles tura imsiḍnen (compteurs), ar tura mazal ur kcimen waman. Ur neẓri ma ssebba kan i d-ufan neɣ d ayen-nniḍen.Kulec isellek, mazal kan ad aɣ-xedmen imṣiḍnen. Nutni la d-qqaren ur ten-nufi ara i lbiɛ. Ruḥ fhem-itt tura kečč!”, i d-yenna s wurfan yiwen umezdaɣ.” Ɣef waya dɣa, i mazal imezdaɣ n taddart, ttagmen seg tliwa n taddart am zik-nni.
Tamsalt n uɣerbaz
D ayen yessewhamen, seg 1967, meḥsub seg wasmi yefteḥ uɣerbaz amenzu deg taddart n Tidmimin, inelmaden n El Kelâa, ar ass-a n wussan, urǧin ɣran ass kamel. Azgen, yeqqar sbeḥ, azgen-nniḍen, yeqqar tameddit. Mi nesteqsa ɣef ssebba n waya, yerra-aɣ-d Hammad Mohend, s yisem-is d aɛeggal n tesqamut n Taddart n El Kelâa, yenna-d : « Nuzzel i wakken ad d-nawi aɣerbaz-nniḍen imi deg uɣerbaz n tidmimin, llant kan snat n tneɣriyin. Ihi, uɣalen bnan-aɣ aɣerbaz-nniḍen anda i ilaq ad ɣren warrac n snat n tudrin. Meɛna tugi yiwet n taddart ad d-tceyyeɛ arraw-is ɣer uɣerbaz-a.
Ihi, teqqim akken taluf. Nuɣal, nebra i ṭṭbel deg waman. Ur nerbiḥ ula d yiwet. Aɣerbaz d ajdid, meɛna urǧin ldint tewwura-s». Yezga-d uɣerbaz-a rrif ubrid, urǧin ɣran deg-s yinelmaden, acu kan yuɣal am wakken d aqdim. Imi neɛreḍ ad t-nwali s leqreb, yulsa-aɣ-d Mass Hammad tadyant-is. « Akka tura, d yiwen i t-izedɣen. Yerra-t am wakken d lmelk-is. La yettrebbi deg-s lmal akked yiyuzaḍ. Ixeddem deg-s nnḍer-is. Yusa-d seg Uẓefun asmi i t-id-ssuffɣen seg uxxam i yezdeɣ berra lqanun, yusa-d ɣer da, yeṭṭef aɣerbaz, yerra-t d axxam-is. Yiwen ur yecliɛ deg-s, yiwen ur d as-yenni hemma. Bran akk i ṭṭbel deg waman, ama nekni s yimezdaɣ, ama d imḍebbren.
Am wakken ur aɣ-teɛni temsalt-a». Acu kan, wissen ma ffaqen d akken deg yizerfan n yinelmaden i tuɣ icci-s. « Axxam yeččur d irgazen, meɛan ulac anwa ara d-yarren tiqit» i as-qqaren Wat zik. Sya alamma tbeddel, mazal la qqaren yinelmaden azgen kan n wass, xas ulamma wwin-d akk akayad n 5e aseggas-a, akka i aɣ-d-yenna Mass Belaidi Kader, anemhal n uɣerbaz n Tidmimin.
Ḍaɛen yilmeẓyen n taddart-a
«Ur nesɛi ara ula d annar amecṭuḥ n ddabex uḍar, tili meqqar ad nedhu dinna u ad nekkes ciṭ n lxiq d wurif fell-aneɣ. Aṭas i aɣ-iṛeggmen ad aɣ-xedmen kra n yisenfaren. Acu kan, aṛeggem-nsen, yettili-d kan lawan n uḥeggi n tefranin. Mi ɛeddant, ur aɣ-ssinen ara», i d-yenna yiwen yilemẓi i nemlal deg tlemmast n taddart, yeqqim daxel n tejmaɛt, ikemmel yenna : « Acḥal n tikkal i ten-id-nesmektay s wayen i aɣ-d-nnan, meɛna asuter-nneɣ, ad yeqqim d awal kan ɣef lkaɣeḍ, am win iceṭṭḥen i uderɣal. Am wakken mačči akk d nutni i d-yusan deg uberraḥ-nni n tefranin».
Deg taddart-a, yettwattun, ulac ula d lbusṭa neɣ ɛad axxam n usejji. Ma yella win yeḥwaǧen ciṭ n tedrimt, ilaq ad yerzu ɣer temdint n Uẓeffun i d-yezgan d acḥal n yikilumitren n tikli. Ulac ula d ttawil n usiweḍ. « Ma yella tebɣiḍ ad tiliḍ ɣef tmanya n sbeḥ deg temdint n Uẓeffun, ilaq-ak ad tekreḍ ɣef rrebɛa, u akken wissen ma ad tafeḍ takerrust», i yesḥassef yiwen yilemẓi-nniḍen i iḍelben ad rren aɣerbaz-nni yezdeɣ yiwen d axxam n yilmeẓyen. «Imi, ur qqaren ara deg-s, meqqar ad t-rren d axxam n yilmeẓyen, ad d-nesfaydi deg-s. Ad nettemlil deg-s, ad d-nexleq tiddukkla tadelsant anda ara nesnerni idles-nneɣ akked tmussniwin », i iwala wayeḍ yilemẓi. Aṭas n tɣawsiwin i ixussen taddart-agi n El Kelâa xas ulamma imezdaɣ-is ddukklen u ttaɛraden ad ssifsussen taɛkemt ẓẓayen. Meɛna akken i as-yenna winna « Ttaɛṭac i ixussen i ɛecrin ».
Hocine Moula