Aṭas i iwalan Nasira Ɛebrus tger deg wannar n leqdic seg wul ɣef tutlayt n Lmulud at Mɛemmer, ama s yimagraden-is n unadi, s yisaragen d wayen-nniḍen. D ayen i aɣ-yeǧǧan ad tt-nenced i tdiwennit-a i teqbel s tumert akken ad aɣ-d-temmeslay ɣef kra n tlufa n tutlayt.
Aɣmis n Yimaziɣen:mmeslay-aneɣ-d, tazwara, ɣef Nasira tamnadit?
Nasira Ɛebrus: Azul. Seg yiseggasen n 90 i bdiɣ ttarraɣ tidmi-w ɣer unadi deg unnar n tmaziɣt. Acu kan d aserwet, ur iban ara wannar-nni. Ḥemmleɣ-ten akk: tasekla, tasnilest, amezruy… Nniɣ-as ad sqedceɣ meqqar ayen lemdeɣ deg tefransist. Dɣa, ma tebɣiḍ rriɣ-tt ɣer tesnilest, maca giɣ-as amkan i tsekla: sya ɣer da, alama rseɣ-d ɣer uḍris n tezrawt taseklant. Bdiɣ deg Tizi, sakkin usiɣ-d ɣer Inalco kemmleɣ d Mass Chaker. D netta i yi-yeslemden am waṭas-nniḍen amek iteddu unadi n tidet. Sakkin, udreɣ-d ɣer Aix en Provence, slemdeɣ tamaziɣt, slemdeɣ daɣen tafransist. Sakkin, uqmeɣ akayad aɣelnaw di CNRS deg 2005.
Tenniḍ-as ad d-yaweḍ wass ad tkecmeḍ i unadi-a?
Lemmer d lebɣi, yal win yerẓan aqerru-s, yewwi dderk ur yestehza ara deg ulmad, ad yaweḍ iswi. Ulama amkan i ṭṭfeɣ mačči di tmaziɣt. D tizrawin tigreɣlanin tigrakaliyin. Ayen igerrzen d amlili d waṭas n yimnuda n tmura-nniḍen. Aṭas wid ukud lemdeɣ timsal d tifin n yisteqsiyen iwulmen i tutlayin yecban tayi-nneɣ.
Tgiḍ kra n yisaragen, am wakken i d-turiḍ ddeqs n yimagraden ɣef tira n tmaziɣt d tsekla s umata. Ɣef tmuɣli-m, d acu igerrzen deg-sen d wacu ixussen?
Di tazwara ferrḥeɣ aṭas mi ara d-yeffeɣ udlis. Acu kan, skud neqqar nettwali, tettban-d ssebba i yesserwayen, i itekksen laẓ, gar wayen ɣriɣ i yiman-iw neɣ almend n waktazal di temsizzlin. Yettɣaḍ lḥal mi ara iban umaru iḥar ad d-yessufeɣ adlis, ulac aseɣti. Tikwal daɣen, d asemnenni n tefyirin. Ur iban akk amek yebna wungal neɣ tullist. Aṭas i yenwan teshel tullist. Tewɛer ugar. Deg wungal, tzemreḍ ad tcaliḍ, ad truḥeḍ ad d-tuɣaleḍ. Tullist ɣur-s ilugan zemken. Ma d tamedyazt, yella wayen yufraren daɣen. Ula d tinna deg-s ccɣel. Nniɣ-d yakan tahregt (inspiration) weḥd-s mačči d tasekla. Aru ales, ales taruḍ, tasekla am usnay n yizurar. Tikwal yelha yiwen ad yaru ayen i as-d-ineffḥen, tikwal daɣen, yelha ad as-yini umaru: ‘’anwa ara yeɣren ayen uriɣ? Iwumi ttaruɣ…?’’
Ad d-nuɣal ɣer uselmed n tmaziɣt iɣef turiḍ yakan. Aṭas i yettwalin teqqen-it tsertit deg Tferka n Ugafa. Acu d awal-im?
Awal ad yeɣzif. Yella wayen i d-yesbanen udem amaynut n uselmed n tmaziɣt. Idlisen awfusen, inelmaden ṭṭuqqten di tmurt n Yiqbayliyen. D ayen yessefraḥen. Yella wayen yelhan. Ssneɣ aṭas n yiselmaden ulac win i ten-ifen ula di tmura-agi n Umalu. Acu kan, ar melmi ara yeddu uselmed n tmaziɣt s warraw-is kan? Yiwen n ufus ur yettceqqir ara! 20 d aseggas-aya, alemmud ur s tmara!(…) Yegzem wawal. Ma d tifaskiwin d yinawen, d asdegdeg, akken qqaren warrac-nneɣ.
Amek ara igerrez waddad-is meskud tutlayt d tunsibt deg ukaɣeḍ?
Ur nezmir ara ad nẓer, mačči aṭas-aya. Ulama lemmer bɣan, tili tuɣalin ar lakul i d-iteddun ad tgerrez tegnit. Neɣ amer ttraǧun Takadimit ad asen-d-tesnulfu tameslayt i ara slemden. Ur ilaq ara ad nettu, daɣen, yiwet uriɣ-tt di tezrawt n ddukṭura-inu. I tikkelt tamezwarut Lezzayer tufa-d iman-is sdat useddu n uselmed n tutlayt ur nesɛi kra n ttawil neɣ n tarrayin. Taɛrabt, tafransist d teglizit, usant-d am trezfin si tmura i tent-yesseddan. Yerna tutlayin-agi i d-uddreɣ mačči d yiwet n tmurt i tent-yesseddan. Fransa d tmura yettmeslayen tafransist (la Francophonie), am Kanada, Timura taɛrabin (Surya, Maser, Lubnan) acḥal d leqrun i sserwaten. Ma d taglizit, atan iban, Legliz d Marikan yella deg wawal. Wa ilaq ad t-id-nini.
I deg wayen yerzan tira n tmaziɣt, d acu i mazal ẓerren d uguren yimnadiyen n INALCO?
Tamsalt n tira teddez ur tebriz. Llan yisemtar (Recommandations) n 1998, deg lliɣ imir-n. Ma nemsefham, ad neddu yis-sent alama tella temlilit gar yimnuda d yiselmaden yessnen tamaziɣt d tesnilsit, d wid yesseɣrayen daɣen. Ahat walan ayen ur walan yimnuda di tesgiwin ideg llan. Imnuda n Lezzayer, n Fransa, n Kanada. Ma tkemmel akka, atan tetteddu am tsertit. «Kečč tettaruḍ akka, nekk bɣiɣ akken-nniḍen». Neɣ «Imi d kečč i d-yennan ur qbileɣ ara».
Tserseḍ-d taggara-a ayen tqeddceḍ deg Internet i lmend n win i terza taluft. Amek almi tenniḍ tura ad sqerbeɣ leqdic i wid i as-yesran?
Tura, aql-aɣ di tallit n tɣawla. Lemmer ad gganiɣ, ad d-stafiɣ akken ad d-ssuffɣeɣ adlis. Ayen uriɣ ad t-yeg lawan(…) Ihi, ama d tasekla ama d anadi, mi d-ḥawceɣ kra, ad t-serseɣ s aḍris. Win yeččan, yečča, win ur nečči, tarbut tella.
Ad kem-nesnemmer ɣef wawal-im. Aseqqef n tdiwennit-a i kem…
A win yufan ad tefkem, daɣen, awal i yimawlan n warrac, i warrac yeqqaren tamaziɣt neɣ ahat i wid yuran ur ssawḍen ara ad ssiẓergen kra. Wid yuran aṭas deg Internet. Llant daɣen di tdeblin (administrations), wid yeṭṭfen aseddu n tmaziɣt, ahat nezmer ad nefhem ayen akka tekres. Mačči kan d tasertit n udabu. Kecment-d tlufa-nniden. Azul i yiselmaden n tmaziɣt anda ma llan. Tidmi i Nur Weld Ɛmara, Ferḥat Ayt Muḥend, Ferḥat Celmuni, Naɛima Ḥadi d wid akk iruḥen s ucawaḍ n uselmed n tmaziɣt di tegnit n ddiq.
Yesteqsa-tt: Mhenni Khalifi