D bab n ugerdas deg tdamsa n tɣebbula talsanin i d-yuɣ seg tesdawiyin Paris-Nord d Paris-I-Sorbonne aseggas n 1978. Deg tazwara n iseggasen n 80, Racid Ulebsir yeǧǧa tasdawit d Fransa akken ad yidir targit-is; ad yeqqim deg wakal-is i t-id-yurwen deg Tezmalt. Fiḥel ad d-nernu asissen ugar imi deg tdiwennit-a yeldi-yaɣ-d ul-is s telqey akken ad naf tiririt i yal asteqsi i d-yemtuttlen i wallaɣ. Ɣret-ett !
Aɣmis n imaziɣen : Ad nemmeslay ɣef umahil-ik amiran i ibedlen waqila segmi tewwiḍ tastaɣt-ik (retraite) ?
Racid Ulebsir : « Sɛiɣ aḍar deg yidles wayeḍ deg tyerza. Ttageɣ daɣen aṭas n yisaragen deg temnaḍin yemgerraden n Tmurt n Yezwawen, ttaruɣ ungalen, qeddceɣ deg waṭas n tdukkliwin tidelsanin maca daɣen tiyaḍ i iqerben i tfellaḥt. Sɛiɣ tajnant deg yiɣẓer n Sumam, deg Allaɣen, anida llant azal n walef d ṭṭjur i d-yessuturen aletthi idumen. Tkemmileɣ seg tama nniḍen lebni n kra n tnezduɣin deg uxxam-iw aqbayli i d-giɣ s timmad-iw, i sɛiɣ ugur akken ad tent-fakkeɣ. Dɣa imir-a d lawan n tbeḥyar n unebdu, teẓẓiɣ kra n tgelwatin mara sɛiɣ akud. Nnig waya ttidireɣ akked yimesdurar n Ǧerǧer, beṭṭuɣ yid-sen ussan, leɛwayed-nsen n tillit ed tussaft. Leḥḥuɣ s tɣara-iw i yidis n rrwaḥ n umaḍal i cebbḥeɣ teɣzi n tudert-iw. Ilaq taɣuri n wungal-iw « Les derniers kabyles ».
Ɣef ungal-ik gedged « Les derniers kabyles », anda tewweḍ tnezzut-ines imi tgiḍ aṭas n temliliyin n ubuddu, yiwet dɣa ɣur-neɣ deg At-Smaɛel. Ed ma yella umaynut akka tura ?
« Nekk ur d-cɣileɣ ara aṭas ed tnezzut, annect-a yerza ugar amaẓrag. Amyaru ad yesnulfu amaḍal-is kan, amaḍal n tsugent-is. Imir-a akka neggzeɣ i useggas n 1943. Deg tegrawla tamaḍlant tis-snat. D aseggas amarikan i Yizzayriyen « Ɛam Marikan ». Imarikanen rsen-d deg Lezzayer tamanaɣt suddusen rrwaḥ n tmacinin ččurent d sslaḥ ed tgella seg Lezzayer i Sirṭa (Qsenṭina) anda llan sɛan tiressa n yiserdasen (bases militaires), bac ad nnaɣen d Walmanen i yestaɛemren lawan-n Libya. Seg tama n Yezwawen n tallit-nni, llan wid yettnaɣen deg tewsatin (tribus), llan ibandiyen n yiseɣ, akked ccwal n temḥersa,… ungal yeɣmeq nezzeh, am yal asugen, yella deg-s uḥric n tilawt. Tura ttraǧuɣ tuffɣa deg Fransa n wungal « Un automne Kabyle » i wayyur-a n Mayu ahat, ɣer teẓrigin tifran-timaziɣin SEFRABER. Nnig n xemsa n yedlisen-iw i d-yeffɣen yakan, sɛiɣ tamrawt n wiyaḍ rsen, gar termitin, ungalen, ammuden ed tceqqufin n umezgun ».
Ahat imi tesɛiḍ agerdas deg tdamsa ay neẓra deg ungal-ik tasleḍt i d-yeskanayen tiɣentert n Tmurt n Yezwawen d wayen nniḍen…
« Deg ungal-iw « les derniers Kabyles » yella-d umeslay ugar ɣef wamek ur inegger yidles, ɣef kra n tmussniwin i qrib ad ruḥent, ugar n wannect i d-yella ɣef tɣentert tangawt. Ilaq yiwen ad yelmed amek ad yelḥu ed ssɛaya tadamsant i yeṭṭuqten n Tmurt n Yezwawen mgal awanek alemmas, daɣen ad ixemmem ad tt-iḥudd ma nettxemmim i tmanit taɣermant ».
Neẓra d akerraz i telliḍ daɣen, anda tesqerreḍ s uqeddic-a ?
« Sɛiɣ tajnant, iger n tzemrin ed luluf n yisekla-nniḍen igummanen . Din ay ttidireɣ, din ay d-bniɣ axxam-iw s yifassen-iw, din ay ɣzeɣ annu (lbir), seggmeɣ daɣen abrid-iw. Zeddiɣ tudert n ufellaḥ s tazzla n lberq, gar uzmummgen n warrac akked d ufferfer ur nettdum n yiferṭeṭṭa. Ikerrazen Izzayriyen neɣ s lxusus wid n Tmurt n Yezwawen ruḥen d asfel n uwanek amaktar (importateur) , bran i ṭṭbel deg waman seg tama n umaḍal n usnulfu, rnan ufan iman-nsen d imeḥbas n tecluḍt n plastik, ama n uyefki neɣ n tgellayin nniḍen merra. Ttidiren tussaft taqerḥant, rnu war ccek d wiyi ay d ussan ineggura n yiwet n twala i ifazzen, i yemuggen ala s tmussni talqayant n ugama, maca daɣen s tdukkli ijehden deg uẓeṭṭa inmetti ».
Aql-ik daɣen d amnadi deg tgemmi (patrimoine) tagnawt d turtagnawt , anda taggara-a kan tgiḍ asarag deg Uqbu ɣef wannect-a. Mmeslay-aneɣ cwiṭ fell-as…
« Tigemmi tadelsant turtagnawt tettwassegza-d akken yessefk s umsisi (convention) n uḥraz n l’UNESCO deg useggas n 2003. Yettawi semmus n waqqayen igejdanen, ad ken-rren i umsisi-a ɣas ma aḍris-nni yella deg internet. Aɣilif yellan tura deg Tmurt n Yezwawen, ilaq ad nesmures (réussir) ad neg leḥsabat, ad nesres win ara yettnadin deg tlufa n tgemmi-a, ed daɣen ad nebdu war amaḥel tigawin n uḥraz akken ad neḍmen tudert ed unqal-ines. Tisuda (institutions) am useqqamu unnig n timmuzɣa (HCA) akk ttwaɛeyynent ad gent kra n umahil s uɣiwel. Annect-a d abehhir i iɛeddan tazmert n yiwen n umdan ɣas ma yella sefleɣ aṭas n leɛtab deg unadi , tigemmi aql-itt la aɣ-trewwel seg gar yifassen, ladɣa tazwawt (taqbaylit) i yuttuɣalen d tagellilt ugar seg wass ɣer wayeḍ. Amḍan n yemsiwlen n tmaziɣt yettader d ayen i d-yewwi, azgar ɣer tira mazal deg-s aɣilif, timawit tanesbaɣurt zik tettwaqeccem seg usruḥ n yisemras ed tmussni, imi asubbu-a dɣa, yeẓuɣɣer yid-s amyag ed uxemmem».
Taggara-a telliḍ-d d nnican n tmekḥelt n uzɣan (critique), ɣef tsebbiwt imi werɛad i d-tessaẓergeḍ adlis s tmaziɣt, d ayen i yellan ahat d iswi-k sya d asawen…
« Imdanen i izeɣnen ad ruḥen ad arun, ad gren deg tira-a akken ad suffɣen s tmaziɣt. Ulac imdanen mu yura ad ilin ttarun akken ad sferḥen « NEKK » n wiyaḍ. Tura akka sɛiɣ kraḍ n yedlisen s tmaziɣt: sin n wammuden d wungal. Ur ufiɣ ara amaẓrag! Aɣilif n tmaziɣt yuɛer ugar, ur nezmir ad t-nesserwes i tɣara n uxdam n tgella tafessast n tnawalt taseklant. Tulacit n usenseb n tutlayt tettɛeṭṭil wid i d-yesnulfayen, imaẓragen, imsiwlen, imeɣriyen ed medden merra, ḥaca wid i yettidiren seg ufulkluri n tummast-nneɣ ed i bɣan ad idum waddad-a n usbak ».
Yesteqsa-t Mhenni Xalifi