At zik,qqaren «yella walbaɛḍ, yella ulac-it, yella walbaɛḍ, ullac-it yella». llan widak i aɣ-yeǧǧan, maca d lǧessa-nsen kan i iɣaben, mazal akk ayen i aɣ-d-ǧǧan yettwaresṣa i lebdda deg yixemimen n yimdanen yettidiren deg tmetti.
Mohammed Arkoun, d yiwen umussnaw yuran isem-is s wuraɣ deg yisebtar n umezruy n tussna tagraɣlant, aṭas n yinadiyen i yexdem deg yisental yerzan timetti tinesslemt. Yewwi-d tasnarrayt tamaynut deg unadi deg tussniwin n talsa d tmetti, yerẓa leqyud n kra n temsal i icudden ɣer teddyanit. Ilul deg yiwet n taddart anda i ilul umussnaw Moulud Mammeri. Ayen i d-yeǧǧa d agerruj ur nfenu ara. Deg yiɣerbazen d tesdawiyin n tmura n umaḍal, qqaren ayen yura d wayen i d-yeǧǧa. Uɣalent-as aṭas n tejmilin deg tmura yemxalafen. Ayen i d-nehder fell-as drus, maca ayen yettruẓun ifadden n tussna dayen iwumi i isemma deg unadi-ines ɣef usemres n udabu azzayri n tsertit deg uḥric n usegmi ( éducation), i d-yeglan s yir aswir n tsutwin i d-ilulen seld tamunent n Lezzayer, d lejhel yettwabnan. Ayen i d-yeǧǧa, ur yettwajerred ara deg wahilen n Tenmehla n usegmi, wala deg tesdawiyin n tmurt n Lezzayer, ur as-uɣalent tejmilin ɣef wayen yura d wayen i d-yeǧǧa deg tussna d tmurt anda i d-ilul.
Tameddurt-is
Amusnaw-agi i ilulen deg umenzu n furar deg useggas n 1928, deg taddart n Taourirt Mimoun, yetabaɛen ɣer tɣiwant n At Yanni, deg temḍqt n leqbayel, yewwed laɛfu Rebbi di 14 deg cutember 2010 deg tmurt n Fransa, yettwamḍel deg temdint n Casablanca di tmurt n Lmerruk. Seg wass-mi yemmut, yeǧǧa-d amḍiq n unadi deg temsal n teddyanit tinesslemt (Islamologie appliquée) d tagujilt. Deg udlis tura Sylvie Arkoun, yelli-s » Les vies de Mohammed Arkoun » i d-yeffɣen deg useggas n 2010 ɣer tezrigin n (PUF Presse Universitaire de France), tules-d tameddurt n umussnaw, udmawen yettwafren deg tudert n Arkoun, seg wass-mi i d-ilul armi d lmut-is. Gar temsal timenza deg tmeddurt n Mohammed Arkoun, dayen i d-wekked yelli-s, Arkoun, yesɛa zzher meqqren imi yeɣra ɣer yimrabḍen n yirumyen, acku gar temḍiqin timenza ideg acengu afrensi iressa iɣerbazen-ines, ad naf At Yanni, Larebɛa Nat Iraten d AT Waɣlis, d array yeddem Emile Masquary ( la formation des cités) amussnaw n tussna n umdan Anthropologue), i d-ikellef yimeḍebber amezwaru n tmurt n Fransa deg Lezzayer. Seld aswir amenzu deg taddart-is, anda i d-tettwaslaɣ twagiḍt ( personnalité) n umusnaw, deg wayen i icudden ɣer tsegmi s yidles aqbayli. Asmi yewweḍ 15 n yiseggasen iruḥ Mohammed Arkoun ɣer temdint n Wehran anda yella baba-s yesɛa taḥanut , dɣa yettɛawan-it deg lexedma, lamaɛna, iwessa-t ɛemm-s, ad ikcem ɣer uɣerbez n yirumyen, yefreḥ s array-agi. Dɣa yekcem ɣer uɣerbaz alemmas Ardaillon, syin ɣer tesnawit Lamoricière. Aya-agi, yella-d deg yiseggasen 1945-1948. Seld igemmaḍ ifazen i d-yewwi, yekcem ɣer tesdawit n Lezzayer, anda i d-yewwi agerdas-ines amenzu deg tutlazt d tsekla n taɛrabt deg useggas n 1952. Yella d aselmad n tutlayt n taɛrabt deg tesnawit n Lharac (1953-1954), syin-a, iruḥ ɣer tmurt n Fransa anda yexdem tasideft (agrégation) n taɛrabt d duktura deg Paris (1955-1961).
Amahil-is
Yexdem umussnaw-a, d aselmad deg waṭas n tesdawiyin deg umaḍal deg wayen yeɛnan tidmi n tneslemt ( Pensée islamique), tayti n waɛraben ( raison arabe).Ad nebder kra n tesdawiyin anda yexdem temsirin, tasdawit tamenzun d Strasbourg (1956-1959), Maitre-assistant deg Sorbone (1961-1969), Professeur associé ɣer Lyon II (1969-1972), syin-a Professeur deg tesdawit n Paris VIII, deg Paris III Sorbone nouvelle (1972-1992). Seg useggas n 1993 yuɣal Professeur émérite n Paris III, yesselmed daɣen deg tmurt n Lalman , deg Marikan, deg Beljik akked waṭas n tmura-nniḍen. Yewwi-d aṭas n warrazen ɣef wayen yura d wayen i d-yeǧǧa. D yiwen yuklalen aṭas n tejmilin ɣef yiswiyen n talsa i icudden, ladɣa, ɣer teddyanit tineslemt. Yefka afud meqqren i tikti n udiwenni n tɣarmiwin d ddeyyanat ( dialogue des civilisations et des réligions). Yewwet-d s leqsaḥ deg tsartit n tmura tinselmin , ladɣa, timura n Tefriqt n ugafa anda i d-yenna d iwunak yef fɣen i craɛ, s ssebba n tsartit semrasent deg yeḥricen yemxalafen i lfayda n udabu. Rnu ɣef waya, inuda aṭas ɣef tdemi n waɛraben d inselmen, yewweḍ ɣer kra n temsal ideg iḥuza ixemimen n yinselmed deg wayen yeɛnan asemres n teddyanit i lefayda n kra n yimdanen yesɛan adabu. Aya d ayen iwumi yeqqar lejhel yettwaqedsen ( ignorance sacralisée et ignorance institutionnalisée). Yexdem, daɣen, inadiyen ɣef talsa d tneslemt (humanisme et l’islam), yules-d ɣef wayen walan yimussnawen deg tɣerma tineslemt, yellan d ileliyin deg uxemmem-nsen, yefka-d daɣen tiktiwin ɣef leqran. Ayen yura d wayen i d-yewwi d ajdid deg tussna tagraɣlan, dayen ur yezmir yiwen ad t-id-yales : yessefhem-d kra n tumanin ( Phénomène) i icudden ɣer tesreḍt (réligion) am teqsidin ( mythe/ mythologie), asekkir (rite), d wayen-nniḍen. Yiwet n tuttra i d-yettuɣalen yal tikkelt deg tudert n umussnaw, d assaɣ i t-icudden ɣer tmurt ideg i d-yekker. Dɣa yuɣal-d deg useggas n 1958, maca ur yeqqim ara aṭas s sseba n ugerdas yettheggi deg Fransa, d uselmad Massignon. Yuɣal-d deg useggas n 1974, anda ittekka deg tmeḍrut ɣef tdemi tineslemt ( Seminaire sur la pensée islamique), ɣef wayen d-tules yelli-s deg udlis i tura, yefreḥ aṭas Mohammed Arkoun s tirza i d-yexdem ɣer tmurt-is, anda yemlal d twacul-is d leḥbab-is. Syin-, a yuɣal-d tikkelt-nniḍen deg useggas n 1985 ɣer tmeḍrut n Bgayet ɣef tdemi teneslemt anda yella cheikh El Ghazali, aneggaru-agi, yenɛel Arkoun, u yenna-as kečč d akafriw ( un apostat), yejraḥ aṭas seg wayen i as-yeḍran, ladɣa imi imḍebbren n tmurt n Lezzayer ulac ayen xedmen. Dɣa aya yeḍra, yakan, deg taddart-is deg useggas n 1952 akked twacult n Mammeri, anda d ihegga yiwen usarag ɣef nnif (honneur), maca Salem baba-s n Mouloud Mammeri, yellan d lamin n taddart, yugi-as ɣef umḍiq yesɛa deg tmetti taqbaylit, yella Arkoun s ddaw n laɛnaya n taddart Taourit. Amussnaw i d-yeǧǧan aṭas n tussna deg yisental yemxalafen, yettwattu deg tmurt-is, s sseba n tsertit d usemres n tarrayin n teddyanit i usexreb n yixemmimen n yimdanen. Dɣa tiɣri i yimussnawen n tmurt n Lezzayer i wakken ad rren tajmilt meqqren i umussnaw-a.
Ali Zalouk