Iban-d Ḥmed Nekkar s annar n tira deg yiseggasen n 90. Seg tira n wungalen ar teẓrigin tamagit i d-isiẓrigen, ass-a idlisen, s tmaziɣt. Yura 12 yidlisen deg taɣulin yemxalafen. Newwi-d awal yid-s ɣef umecwar-is
n umennuɣ, n tira d wayen-nniḍen.
Aɣmis n yimaziɣen : Acu-tent tmental i ideggren Ḥmed Nekkar ɣer tira, armi yuɣal gar yimura ifazen s tqbaylit ?
Ḥmed Nekkar: Leḥmala n tɣawsa, neɣ kra n ccɣel, ifeṭṭiwej-ines amenzu yettuɣal ɣer temẓi. Yal amdan di ddunit, yesɛa kra uɛeqqa yettazzalen deg yidammen-is, yal yiwen amek: asekkud n umdan yemgarad seg wa ɣer wa. Llant temsal i d-yettawi di tlalit-is, d lweṛt n twacult, tikwal daɣen tawennaḍt teggar-d iman-is deg usemsed n tudert n umdan, ama deg wayen yelhan ama deg wayen n diri.
Timetti, tneǧǧer amdan, tessemsad-it am tjenwit n Ǧeḥḥa, yiwen yidis qeṭṭiɛ yettaẓ ɣer sdat, wayeḍ iḥeffu, yettuɣal ɣer deffir, itteffeɣ i kra yellan d ṣṣwab. Yella umdan yettṛebbin afud di tsertit taderɣalt. Win yewwi ṭṭmeɛ d tazzla deffir uṣurdi, lebni n yibaẓaren, bac kan ad ten-walin medden sɛan idrimen.
D adrim swayes ur yesfaydi yiwen. Akken qqaren wat zik: “Yeḍfer aɣrum di temẓi, yettu adrum ur d-yezzi” neɣ “aɛebbuḍ yezwar laṣel”. Llan daɣ wid izerɛen berra n tferka, ttawin agdud deg uḍru n llem-nsen am uvirus, yettuɣal-d fell-asen d axṣim. Iwakken kan ur netteffeɣ ara i usentel n tuttra. Di temrawt n yiseggasen n 60, d tallit deg i d-isuḍ waḍu n tiɛurrebt d tneslemt. Iselmaden n tmura taɛrabin, kecmen-d s tuget ɣer tmurt n leqbayel.
Rnan sganen deg-neɣ s wawal-nni aderɣal: “Atmaten-nneɣ icqiqen”. Asekkil n taɛrabt, s ddreɛ i t-sentuyen deg uqerru n unelmad aqbayli. Nekk d anelmad am wiyiḍ, ɣas akken meẓẓiyeɣ, maca greɣ tamawt d akken, di berra, deg uxxam nettmeslay taqbaylit, nessawal i yiman-nneɣ leqbayel, acku nettmeslay gar-aneɣ taqbaylit. Deg uɣerbaz, d ayen-nniḍen, taɛrabt, tafransist. Tafransist a-t-an tban, neḥṣa akk yis-s, d tameslayt n umhersan. Seg tama-nniḍen, nlemmed taɛrabt sɣur yiselmaden iberraniyen, rennun qqaren-aɣ-d kunwi d aɛraben.
Weḥd-i weḥd-i, ttmeyyizeɣ. Acuɣer mačči d taqbaylit, tinna akken heddreɣ deg uxxam d yimawlan-iw ara lemdeɣ deg uɣerbaz ? Dagi i mderkalen lexyuḍ deg wallaɣ-iw, dacu-yi nekkini? Akken kan yenda useggas n 70, teɣli-d gar yifassen-iw tesɣunt “Agraw Imaziɣen” n Paris. Tetteddu s tuffra. D tasɣunt i yessawalen i yimaziɣen n Tefriqt n ugafa akken llan, ad d-ndekwalen seg yiḍes, ad d-rren s tamawt d acu-ten, dacu-tt tmagit-nsen ?
Ad ẓren ula d nutni sɛan tameslayt, sɛan agemmay i tira. Deg yiwen wass, agemmay n tfinaɣ yettwasekles am tezlit tamaynut deg wallaɣ-iw. Uɣaleɣ ttaruɣ ɣer tansa-nni n Ugraw Imaziɣen. ifeṭṭiwej amezwaru yebbeɛezqen deg wul-iw asmi ufiɣ asefru yura Besɛud Muḥed Aɛrab s tfinaɣ deg yenna: Kečč d kečč, nekk d nekk/Nemxalaf ɣas nemqarab/Seg wul-ik kkes akk ccek/Amaziɣ mačči d aɛrab. Dɣa, seg wass-nni, tufa tqabact afus-is.
Kečč yellan gar yimenza yeɣran tamaziɣt, u seg widi tt-yeslemden, ḥku-aɣ-d ɣef tallit-nni taqburt amek i tt-id-telḥam ?
Uqbel iseggasen n 70, ulac wid yettarun s teqbaylit, armi d-tennulfa tkadimit n Paris sɣur imḍebbren n Ugraw Imaziɣen, seg wasmi d-tennulfa si 66 armi d iseggasen n 78 deg i tt-yeḥbes udabu n Bumedyen. Di lawan-agi, yuɣ lḥal tezreɛ temɣi. Merra imeɣnasen lemden tira n tfinaɣ. Imeɣnasen n tallit-nni, bnan-tt ɣef tidet, fkan tudert-nsen i usekfel d uzway n uɣebbar ɣef wallen n wid yeṭṭsen. Seg yiseggasen n 70, leqdic ɣef tmaziɣt yella-d s tuffra akken armi tendeh tefsut n 80.
Dɣa deg yiseggasen n 80 i bdan tteffɣen-d wungalen s teqbaylit. Ungal-inu amezwaru Yugar Ucerrig Tafawet, yettwaru deg useggas n 83, maca ur d-yeffiɣ ara armi d 99. Di tazwara n yiseggasen n 90, tettunefk tlelli i uslali n tddukkliwin tidelsanin i yidles d uselmed n tutlayt. Di tallit-nni mi d-yella uneḥbus n leqraya di 94, d ineɣmasen i d-nhegga di tddukkla tadelsant Tala n Tussna di Tizi Uzzu, tugetdeg-sen i yeṭṭfen aselmed n tmaziɣt di tesdawit Lmulud At Mɛemmer i d-yessuffuɣen iselmaden n tmaziɣt.
Amek-itent tegnatin neɣ tiwtilin ideg turiḍ ungal-inek amenzu “Yugar ucerrig tafawet” ?
Adlis-agi neɣ ungal-agi, yettwaru di tegnatin iweɛren aṭas: di tallit-nni n 80, ulac timacinin neɣ iselkimen yesɛan agemmay n tmaziɣt am win n tura. Rnu daɣen qlilit teẓrigini iqebblen adlis n tmaziɣt. Nezmer ad d-nini ddukklent-d akk, tugdi n usuffeɣ n udlis amaziɣ, amek ara yenz, anwa ara t-yeɣren? Akken yebɣu yella lḥal, lebɣi yella, iɛekkiren qwan, meɛna ur nefcil ara, d tabɣest n wussan-nni i aɣ-yessawḍen ɣer tegnit n wass-a. Tura nezmer ad d-nini, la d-ttuɣalen waman ɣer tala, ulac aggur deg ur d-tteffɣen ara anda ma drus sin yidlisen.
Mmeslay-aɣ-d cwiṭ ɣef tsuqqilt i tgiḍ i wungal (l’Alchimiste n Paulo Coelho) ara d-yeffɣen deg wussan i d-iteddun…
Ameslay-inu, ad yili d amatu ɣef tsuqqilin i d-xedmeɣ ar ass-a. Aṭas i d-suqqleɣ mazal ur d-ffiɣen ara d ungalen neɣ d tullisin, d timucuha… Nekk ur ggareɣ ara afus-iw s asuqel n udlis ma yella tadyant-nni ur tt-fhimeɣ ara neɣ ur tris ara di lxaṭer-iw. Ungal l’Alchimiste n Paulo Coelho iwumi fkiɣ azwel (Akruran).
Tidet kan, d adlis-agi iweɛren aṭas yenneḍ, yettali yettader, yettnejbad, yettuɣal, maca ɣer taggara, ssawḍeɣ ad t-id-rreɣ ɣer teqbaylit yerna akken iwata. Acuɣer i t-ferneɣ?Tamezwarut, d ungal ɣef yeffeɣ uberreḥ ameqqran deg umaḍal. Tis snat, yettwasuqel ɣer waṭas n tutlayin n umaḍal. Tis tlata, syin meyyzeɣ d yiman-iw, acuɣer ala, ula d nekni nuklal ad t-nɣer s teqbaylit.Tis 4, armi i t-ɣriɣ 3 tikkal i t-fehmeɣ, kecmeɣ deg-s, i as-kkreɣ i usuqel.
Mebla ccek tesɛiḍ iṣenfaren-nniḍen…
Win yellan akka deg umkan-iw, urǧin ad teqqar tala deg i d-yettagem neɣ ad tenger teẓgi deg i d-izeddem. Iṣenfaren i mazal ur d-ffiɣen ara, ugaren ayen i d-yeffɣen. D acu kan yella yiwen uṣenfar i yi-yeṭṭfen lwelha, yeṭṭef-iyi aṭas n wakud, maca qrib ad yaweḍ ɣer taggara-s. Wagi d yiwen leqdic ameqqran i d-yessuturen anadi s telqey.
Aṣenfar-agi d: Asegzawal ameqqran urǧin yelli deg unnar akka tura. D asegzawal yemmden azal 1 500 yisebtar, tiwlafin, tifelwiyin. D ṣṣenf n usegzawal ur nennum ara nettwali-t di tnedlisin. Ssarameɣ ur ttɛeṭṭileɣ ara ad t-fakkeɣ akken ad sfaydin deg-s akk imaziɣen. Iṣenfaren-nniḍen ugten: gar-asen ungalen, tullisin, timucuha, tizrawin, amezgun, mebla ma rniɣ-d tamedyazt.
Awal-ik n taggara…
Ssarameɣ d akken Leqbayel meṛṛa, ad d-ndekwalen si tnafa, ad d-uɣalen ɣer laṣel. Anagar taqbaylit-nsen ara asen-d-yerren udem. Ssarameɣ daɣen ad d-yaweḍ wass anda tamurt n leqbayel ad tuɣal s tutlayt-is tamezwarut uqbel akk tiyiḍ. D tin ara ireṣṣin iẓuran s telqey deg uɣerbaz-ines. Tudert i Yiqbayliyen, i teqbaylit, i tmurt n yiqbaymiyen. Sɛut lḥir ɣer tutlayt-nwen, ma ulac taqbaylit, ulac tamagit. Ad tnegrem kunwi tellam.
Ayen yura
Ar ass-a, ssuffɣeɣ-d 12 yidlisen:
1-Yugar ucerrig tafawett/ungal / 99, tiẓrigin Yuba wis sin.
2-Tudert gar zzebra d yifḍisen / 2012 / ungal / le savoir.
3-Adlis n tɣuri, iluɣma d yisnasen / Tazrawt / 2014.
4-Taɣaṭ n Mass Seguin / tullist / 2015 / Tamagit.
5-Timucuha / tageldunt deg uglim n ujḥiḥ / Amttaker asadran / 2015 / Tamagit.
6-Azeḍḍa n tissist / ungal / 2016 / Tamagit.
7-Tajeǧǧigt n Meɣres / ungal / 2015 / Tamagit.
8-Alluca di tmurt n tirga / tasuqilt/ungal/2017/Tamagit.
9-Inebgi n Rebbi / tamacahut/2017/Tamagit.
10-Tibḥirt n temhargiwt / tamacahut/2017/Tamagit.
11-Deg wul n umennuɣ / Tasuqilt/amezruy/2010.
12-Apprendre tamazight maintenant/2017/Tamagit.
Yesteqsa-t Khaled Achoui