Deg uḥric-agi wis sin, ad nwali tazrewt n wayen yessefra akked kra n yimedyaten n useddes n yifyar
Tazrewt n tmedyazt-is. Aṭas n talɣiwin n tmedyazt, d waṭas n tewsatin n tmeɣruyin i swayes i isefra ula d tunṭiqin kif kif. Yal asefru yemgarad ɣef gma-s ama deg talɣa ama deg tmeɣrut neɣ deg umḍan n tuntiqin, ama deg umḍan n yifyar. Tuget n yisefra-s bu ssettayen n yifyar.
Asuddes n talɣa: Deg talɣa, isefra cwiṭ deg lqaleb-nni swayes yettwassen Si Muḥen U Mḥend ladɣa deg tmeɣrut ( a . a. b ). Acu kan imi Yusef U Qasi i t-id-yezwaren ɣer ddunit ɣer tmedyazt, ihi ilaq ad d-nini belli d Si Muḥed u Mḥend i yessfran s lqaleb-nni (a. a. b) s wayes isefra qbel Yusef U Qasi. Amsadaɣ di ṣṣda : Tettili tewsit-agi deg tmeɣrut i d-yettwalsen. Mi ara yesεu kan usefru snat n tmeɣrutin, d allus-nni-nsent i d-yettakken ṣṣda-ines d anagraw, yettqqen gar yifyar, yettara-t asefru yeddukkel. Ad d-nefk amedya ɣef tewsit-agi :
Lukan deg Ubizar meqqar
Ssyadi leḥrar
Si zik-nsen d imnayen
Imi si Hendu leqrar
Ma ɣeḍleɣ-k, d lεar
Ma tɣeḍleḍ-iyi, d εrayen
Tamawt 1 : Asefru-agi bu ssetta n yifiren snat d tmeɣrutin i ɣef yebna usefru-agi « ar, en ».
Tamawt 2 : Asefru-agi yekka-d seg tedyant-nni n yiwen urgaz n Si Hendu ; i d-yemllalen Yusef u Qasi, yenna-as-d yya ad nmεebbar a dda Yusef, dɣa yerra-as-d s usefru-agi.
Amsadeɣ di tkatit : Yettili-d mi ara d-yettuɣal yiwen wakat (métre) deg usefru neɣ deg tseddart.
Amedya : Yiwen d bu uzegga nεeql-it → Yiw ned bu zeg zan εeq lit (7)
Seg yiɣzer ay d-ixutal → Seg gez zer ay di xu tel (7)
Ma yella d uḥdiq neffer-it → Ma yel la duḥ diq neff rit (7)
Abrid wayeḍ ar d-iqatel → Ad rid way ḍar di qa tel (7)
Ma yella d ungif nemmel-it → Ma yel la dun gif nemm lit (7)
Ad fell-as ṣewwbeɣ lmaqel → Ad fell as ṣeww ɣel ma qel (7)
Tamawt 1 : Asefru-agi d bu 6 n yifyar, d bu 42 n tunṭṭiqin (07) i yal afyir.
Tamawt 2 : Ifyar n usefru-agi kif kif-iten deg wakat, bnan akk ɣef (07) n tunṭṭiqin, tlata deg-s keffun n tmeɣrut ( it ), tlata-nniḍen s tme ɣrut ( el )
Amata: Tuget n yisefra n Yusef U Qasi, talɣa-nsen d isefra i bu settayen (6) n yifyar, bḍan ɣef nat n taggayin 6 = (3+3) neɣ 6 = (2+2+2). Maca llan wiyaḍ εeddan 6 n wafiren i sεan.
Tameɣrut:
– Allus n teɣri d tergalt: D aεiwed n yiwet n teɣri d tergalt ɣer taggara n yal afir. Wigi d ṣṣenf n tmeɣrut deg tmedyazt taqbaylit, yessmers-it aṭas Yusef u Qasi.
Amedya
A lexbar i d-yennulfan
Aεudu billeh ya laṭif
Tarwa n leğwad nnuɣen
Atmaten tebḍiḍ a nnif
Am zzebra gar yifḍisen
Tufeg ttnefɣa di ttnaṣif
-Allus n yiwet n tmeɣrut (targalt neɣ tiɣri) : Ifyar akk n usefru ad kfun s yiwet n tergalt neɣ n teɣri, ulamma isseqdec tawsit-agi maca mačči s waṭas.
Amedya: Muḥend n uzwaw aḥruṛ
Umliḥ n bab-s Aεmeṛ
Ur ak-issugut lehḍuṛ
Deg wawal-is i iferru ccweṛ
Am tnina di zzerzuṛ
Akken i ixeddem neɣ kteṛ
Amata: Tuget n yisefra-s, bnan ɣef kraḍ n tewsatin n tmeɣrut, Md: (a. b / a. b / a. b) am tuget n yisefra n Ccix Muḥend U Lḥusin, neɣ (a. a. b / a. a. b) am Si Muḥend u Mḥend, neɣ (a. a. a / a. a. a). Llan kra-nniḍen deg yiwen usefru neɣ deg yiwet n tseddart tettbeddil tmeɣrut.
Tiseddarin d yifyar:
Taseddart di tmedyazt teqbaylit, s umata tebna ɣef sin neɣ tlata n yifyar. Tamedyazt n Yusef u Qasi, tella deg-s tseddart yesεan sin neɣ kraḍ n yifyar, tella tin yesεan ugar. Yal asefru yesεa amḍan n tseddarin weḥd-s, llan wid yesεan snat, llan wid yesεan tlata, llan wiyaḍ ttawḍen alamma d 12 n tseddarin deg yiwen n usefru.
Amedya: Asefru “Taqsit tis kraḍ” seg udlis Mulud Mεemmeri, isefra n Leqbayel iqburen, isebtar:120-124.
Tiɣbula
• Kamel Bouamara, article « Yusef-U-Qasi » dans Hommes et femmes de Kabylie – Collectif sous la direction de Salem Chaker, éd. Edisud, 2000.
• Mouloud Mammeri, « Poèmes kabyles anciens » (textes berbères et français). Paris, La Découverte, 2001.
• Camille Lacoste-Dujardin, article « Youcef Ou Kaci » du Dictionnaire de la culture berbère en Kabylie, La Découverte, Paris, 2005.
• Mohamed Ghobrini, « Le Cavalier Poète », éd. El-Amel, 2001.
• Muḥend Akli Salḥi, « Asegzawal ameẓẓyan n tsekla »éd. L’odyssée, 2012.
• Muḥend Akli Salḥi, « Kra n tsura i tɣuri n tsekla, asuneḍ 2. Taɣuri n tenqqist d usefru » éd. Tira, 2015.
Adaoun Abdelghani