Amenzu n yennayer d ixf n useggas deg tfada (calendier) n tfellaḥt ɣer yimaziɣen. Xas ulamma yemgarad usfugel-is seg tama ɣer tayeḍ, ladɣa deg yisufar swayes i d-ttheggin imensi-ines akked wamek i t-ttmagaren, acu kan iswi d yiwen : asirem i wayen yelhan deg useggas ajdid.
Seg zik, sɛan yimaziɣen assaɣ alqayen gar-asen akked wakal i ten-id-yessekkren ; seg zik n zik, ttarran tajmilt tameqqrant i ugama s useḥbiber fell-as. Ihi, seg wakken sfilliten ad tefti zariɛa deg wakal, zellun-as asfel u sewwayen isufar ifettin deg yimensi n yennayer. Isufar yecban, irden, ibawen, tiɣrifin, berkukes, d wayen-nniḍen. S umata, ttheggin-d uftiyen, zellun ayaziḍ. Zik, ur xeddmen ara yimdanen deg wass n umenzu n yennayer, yerna ttgen 7 wussan n tmeɣra neɣ tfaska. Deg tama n At Snus,seg temnaṭ n Tlemsan, ttgen tafaska iwumi fkan isem ‘’Ayrad, izem’’. Ihi, ass n umenzu n yennayer, xeddmen-as tameɣra , ttɛeddin d tarbaɛt ɣef yixxamen, zzuɣuren yiwen umdan i cebbḥen am yizem, ssuturen yis-s axxam, axxam, u ttɣennin kra tenfaliyin anda i ‘’ttḥettimen’’ s yisefra-nni ɣef yimezdaɣ i walkken ad asen-d-ffken kra n tedrimt neɣ kra n yisufar ara ferqen ɣef yimeɣban mi ara selken tafaska-agi. Ma seg tama n At Mzab, nutni sfugulen yennayer ass 6 deg ‘’janvier’’, mačči am tamiwin-nniḍen anda i t-xeddmen gar 12 d 14 deg ‘’janvier’’.
Aẓar n umenzu n yennayer
Aṭas i iteqqnen yennayer ɣer ugellid Cacnaq, ladɣa ɣer tgelda-s deg tmurt n Maser. Acu kan, leḥsab-agi neɣ turda-agi ur tesɛi ara assaɣ srid ɣer usfugel n yennayer, neɣ ur tezmir ara ad tcudd snat n tigawin yemgaraden. Leḥsab n yimaziɣen i yewwḍen akka tura deg tfada (calendrier) ɣer useggas n 2968, yesnulfa-t-id Ugraw n yimaziɣen (Académie Benbère) i d-yettwaxelqen deg useggas n 1967 deg Fransa,iɣef yella d aqerru Bessaoud Mohan Arab. Imir, diɣ, i d-xelqen anay neɣ asenǧaq amaziɣ, am wakken i d-rran s annar agemmay n tfinaɣ. Ihi, nnejmaɛen-asen, mmuqlen amek ara d-slalen tafanda i yimaziɣen. Gren tiṭ ɣer umezruy, ufan-d tadyant-agi n Cacnaq, i yellan ladɣa, uqbel Ɛisa akked Muḥemmed. Meḥsub 950 n yiseggasen uqbel talallit n Ɛisa. Acu kan, tadyant i d-nnan teḍra gar Cacnaq akked Ramses II, mazal ur d-banen, ar ass-a, ttbut fell-as deg umezruy. Mazal yettkemmil unadi fell-as, yal wa d acu i d-yettawi ɣef temsalt-agi. Llan wid i d-yeqqaren d akken mgaradent s waṭas talliyin ideg ddren yigelliden-agi Cacnaq akked Ramses II, meḥsub ur zmiren ara ad myagarenb gar-asen. Am wakken, diɣ, ara naf belli amenzu n yennayer, icudd ɣer tfellaḥ, ma d tamsalt n Cacnaq, nettat terza ṭtrad. Xas ulamma ur tefri ara, meɛna leḥsab yettkemmil am wakken teddez tebrez, ladɣa imi yuɣal wass n umenzu n yennayer d ass aɣelnaw, mebla lxedma u yettwaxelles. Ɣer yimaziɣen, ur yebdi ara yennayer deg useggas 950 uqbel talallit n Ɛisa, yella yennayer uqbel Cacnaq, imi llan,yakan, sfugulen-t yimaziɣen imezwura. Yella d aggur amezwaru deg tfada-nsen. Akken yebɣu yili lḥal, ass-a,yuɣal-as-d yiseɣ i yennayer deg tmurtn Lezzayer, neɣ ɛad deg tmazɣa s umata. Sya ar d-iban wayen-nniḍen i sdergen deg tmagit n yimaziɣen, abrid n yiseɣ la as-yettruẓu usalu, ha-t-an la d-yettifrir.
Yiwet gar tmucuha yeqqnen ɣer yennayer
Tella yiwet n temɣart, tesɛa taɣadt. Aseggas-nni yeǧǧhedd yennayer mačči d izli, yella deg-s ugeffur, adfel, akked usemmiḍ. Ihi, teḥbes temɣart-nni, nettat d taɣadt-is, aggur daxel n uxxam. Asmi ifukk waggur n yennayer, tecreq-d tafukt. Teffeɣ-d temɣart-nni akked taɣadt-is ɣer lexla, tenna-as i yennayer : ‘’Xemsa deg wallen-ik ! Tfukkeḍ, ur tesɛiḍ acu i yi-txedmeḍ’’. Amek ara yexdem yennayer i wakken ad d-yerr ttar-is ? Iruḥ ɣer furar yenna-as : «ttxil-k a ɛemmi furar, rḍel-iyi yiwen wass, ad d-rreɣ ttar». Yeqbel furar, yerḍel-as-d yiwen wass i yennayer. Tebreq, terɛed tegnawt tenhewal, yeɣli-d udfel d ssixṭṭa, dɣa yemsex tamɣart akked taɣadt-is, mmutent. Ɣef waya i as-qqaren i wass aneggaru n yennayer Amerḍil n temɣarin. Qqaren-d daɣen mi ara yekcem yennayer keccmen wussan n tafat, teffɣen wussan n ṭṭlam. Llan wid i d-yeqqaren, ɛad, daymi i as-yenqes yiwen wass i furar.
Yiwet gar tezlatin cennunt tlawin deg yennayer
A yennayer ! a yennayer ! Keččini d bab n yiger,
A yennayer ! a yennayer ! Fell-ak i nerwa amdegger.
A yennayer ! a yennayer ! Eğğ amkan a gma i furar,
A yennayer ! a yennayer ! Tettaggadeḍ Rebbi deg umɣar.
A yennayer bu-ṣṣaba,
Aman-ik d isemmaḍen.
Tamurt n jeddi d baba,
I tt-ireffden d irgazen.
A yennayer bu-tecrurin,
A win iwumi yezdi yisem.
Ḥemmlen-k warrac d teḥdayin,
Mi i ak-yesla udrar d rrsem.
A yennayer ! a yennayer ! A lexyar deg wugguren,
A yennayer ! a yennayer ! Ḥader widak yunagen.
A yennayer lehna tafat,
Tamurt, tedda s tsula,
Win i inudan ɣef kra yufa-t,
Anda yedda Rebbi yella.
Hocine Moula