Aɣmis n Yimaziɣen: Awi-aɣ-d awal ɣef Tdukkla Tadelsant Imedyazen ideg aql-ik d amaray amatu, am usnulfu d yiswan-is…
Ɛumar Mufuq: Tiddukla Tadelsant Imedyazen d yiwet seg tdukliwin tiqburin akk i ixeddmen ɣef tmaziɣt deg Lezzayer Tamanaɣt. Tennulfa-d deg tallit n lḥeṛs d tuggdi, deg yiseggasen n 1980, deg tesdawit n Bab Zzewwaṛ. D inelmaden i tt-id-yesnulfan. Niqal, d tagrawt (deg 1984) sakkin d amazday (deg 1986), deg tallit-a ideg tuggdi ur telli seg uwanek kan neɣ seg tedbelt n tesdawit, wanag nella nɛus iman-nneɣ ula seg tegrawin tisertanin i yellan sdaxel tesdawit yernu llant mgal tamaziɣt (imeẓrislamen, isduklanen, atg.). Yella yegget lḥeṛs ama daxel n tesdawit, ama beṛṛa, maca ɣas akken, nefren ad d-nini ayen i aɣ-yerḥan, ad d-nessuffeɣ ayen i aɣ-iqerḥen, ad d-nessken tutlayt d yidles-nneɣ amaziɣ. Ad newwet fell-asen ulamma nugad ayen i nugad, ama ɣef tezrawin-nneɣ, ama ɣef tlelli n yal yiwen deg-neɣ, ama ɣef tudert-nneɣ. Armi d 1989, asmi tɛawed tmurt tamendawt, ay tuɣal tegrawt-nneɣ d Tidukkla s lekwaɣeḍ-ines. Seg wasmi ay d-tennulfa (sdaxel tesdawit), txeddem tdukkla-a ɣef tirawt, aselmed n tirawt n tmaziɣt d weḥraz n tutlayt-a s ulqaḍ n tgemmi tanimit d usuffeɣ n yidlisen. Iswan-ines d aselmed n tirawt n tmaziɣt i wannect iumi tezmer n medden, gar-asen ula d aɛṛabwalen neɣ imsiwlen n taɛṛabt. Am wakken ay tekkat akken ad d-tban tmaziɣt deg yakk inurar ideg tezmer ad d-tban deg-sen (deg uzniq, deg tuddar, deg tḥuna). Yernu nezga netteg taḥemla akken ad nessebɣes medden, ladɣa imaziɣwalen, ad ssawalen ala s tmaziɣt, ad ttarun ala s tmaziɣt gar-asen.
Nwala tessufuɣem-d ula d idlisen s ubrid n teẓrigin Beɣdadi. Amek i d-yettili waya?
Theyya-d tdukkla idlisen-agi i usufeɣ, uqbel ad taf ixxamen n teẓrigin ara as-ten-id-yessuffɣen. Deg 1990 agi ay d-heyyan Hamid Oubagha d Nadia Yarmeche adlis n temsirin d yiluɣma swayes nella nesselmad tamaziɣt. Yella yewjed ifuk, yernu d Mass Salem Chaker ay as-d-igan tazwart, maca yeqqim acḥal ur d-yeffiɣ, am netta, am kra n wammuden n yisefra, n tmucuha d tira-nniḍen. Armi d aseggas n 2000 ay d-nemlal d teẓrigin n Baghdadi anda i nfureṣ nessufeɣ-d adlis-nneɣ n temsirin (Iluɣma i Tira n Tmaziɣt) ay nkemmel nesseqdec-it d allal i uselmed, sakkin nerna-d aṭas n yidlisen-nniḍen d teẓrigin-a (azal n 20 gar wid ay d-yeffɣen yagi d wid i d-iteddun ad d-ffɣen aseggas-a). Qrib akk idlisen i d-nessufeɣ ɣer teẓrigin n Baghdadi, uran ala s tmaziɣt. Gar-asen ammuden n tmucuha i d-yettwaleqḍen seg temnaḍin yemgaraden n tmurt n leqbayel (amazrar n Tizi n Tira ay d-yuɣalen d adlis n Tacemlit i yuwin arraz n tmaziɣt n Tmesrit tagraɣlant n uddlis n Lezzayer deg 2008). Tullisin (gar-asen «Ger Zik d Tura» n Said Chemakh) d wungalen («Ijeǧǧigen n Ccwal» n Youcef Achouri) d kra n wammuden n yisefra. Yella ula d adlis ɣef tẓuri n wurigami (aḍfas n lkaɣeḍ) n Mass Smail Abdenbi I lmend n usmal n usufeɣ n yidlisen yerzan timussniwin-nniḍen. Imi nettwali dakken mačči d ccerḍ ad naru s tmaziɣt ɣef tmaziɣt kan, wanag yessefk ad nesseqdec tamaziɣt akken ad naru yis-s ɣef yakk timussniwin. Ma d imawlan n uxxam-a n teẓrigin, tugar akken ay xedmen yid-neɣ d imeɣnasen i lmend n usmal n tmaziɣt, wala akken ay xedmen yid-neɣ i lmend n tedrimt d rrbeḥ.
Mmeslay-aneɣ-d ɣef usenfar n usuqel n wunuɣen yettewliwilen ideg tekkiḍ…
Nuwi-d kra n umecwaṛ d yistidyuten isliẓranen i ixeddmen unuɣen yettewliwilen s tmaziɣt. D acu kan, nesḥissif imi istidyuten-a, ur ssawḍen ad ssenzen ifarisen-nsen akken iwata. Astidyu amezwaru ukud nexdem d Arram Productions i d-iga Mass Mohamed Arram, d imsuneɣ yernu d anaẓur azzayri i yellan niqal ixeddem deg tiliẓri n uwanek, yerna yessufeɣ-d deg yiseggasen n 1960 d 1970 kra n yizawagen n wunuɣen. Nessuqel-d yerna nurar-d ledwaṛ deg wugar n 30 n wunuɣen yettewliwilen ɣer ustidyu-a gar 2002 d 2004. Amur ameqqran seg wunuɣen-a d imazraren i yesɛan iḥricen d iwezzlanen (gar 5 d 10 n temricin), nga-ten-id i yigerdan imeẓyanen, am wakken i yella yiwen n usaru n usewliwel, “Argaz n Yijdi”, d asaru aɣezzfan. Yettekka ustidyu-a tikkelt deg Tfaska n usaru amaziɣ n Ɛennaba (2004), sakkin yerbeḥ-d arraz d azamulan deg yiwet n tfaska n ssinima taḥeffaḍt i tessuddes Tdukkla n yimeddukkal n tiliẓri deg Um Lebwaqi deg 2005, asmi ay yettekka s wunuɣ yettewliwilen n “Ikerri n Lɛid”. D acu kan, nesḥissif imi taṛmist Arram Productions ur tessaweḍ ad tessekru neɣ ad tessenz ifarisen-ines akken ara d-terr akk idrimen i tṣerref ɣef waya. Seg yidis, tiliẓri n uwanek, ula ma tekra kra seg wunuɣen-a yerna txelleṣ-iten-id, ur ten-id-tesɛedda ara. Seg yidis-nniḍen, llant, imir-nni, tregwa-nniḍen beṛṛa n tmurt n Lezzayer i iḍemɛen ad d-sɛeddint unuɣen-a war ma xellṣent lekra-nsent, yili astidyu-a ameẓyan ur yezmir ara ad yexdem baṭel, ladɣa imi i yessexdem yagi ixeddamen i yesrin ad ttwaxellṣen. Astidyu wis sin, d astidyu n Tafat i d-sbedden sin seg yimaslaḍen n Tdukkla, Massaw Smail Abdenbi d Belkacem Chellouche deg 2009. Astidyu-a yelha-d ladɣa s usisleg neɣ asuɣel n yisura iwerdaniyen ɣer tmaziɣt, yerna yettekka deg 2012 deg umsizwer n warraz n yisura i d-yettwassiselgen deg Tfaska n usaru amaziɣ n Tizi Uzzu, s yiwen n usaru n ussewliwel azwel-ines “Amtiweg n Hulk”. Nessaram ifarisen imaynuten ara d-yeffɣen seg ustidyu-a, ad d-ɛeddin deg tregwa n tiliẓri, acku ala tiliẓri i izemren ad tezreɛ unuɣen yettewliwilen d tutlayt tamaziɣt i yigerdan. Yerna ma ulac axeddim d tregwa n tiliẓri (ukud yewɛeṛ uxeddim imi llan wuguren n lexlaṣ), unuɣen yettewliwilen s tmaziɣt ad qqimen dima ffren, ur ttwassnen, amzun werǧin i d-ttwasekren.
Amek iga uɣawas-nwen i useggas-a amaynut?
Dima nettḥaṛaf tikli i uheyyi d usufeɣ n wugar n yidlisen. Kra n yimeskaren am Hamid Oubagha (aselway n tdukkla) neɣ Ahcene Begriche, la d-ttheyyin ad d-ssuffɣen ammud n yisefra wis sin. I lmend n useggas-a amaynut, daɣ, la nettḥaṛaf ad d-nerr adeg-nneɣ n Internet i nebɣa ad yili, am zik, d taɣbalut i wid ara yeɣsen ad lemden tamaziɣt, wid i iḥemmlen ad ɣren s tmaziɣt akked yiselmaden n tutlayt-nneɣ.
Amek tebɣiḍ ad tt-nseqqef?
Ad tt-id-nseqqef s kra n tɣawsiwin iɣef nezga nettweṣṣi. Mačči d cciɛa d tidet. Ma tella tmaziɣt d tutlayt tunṣibt neɣ d tagraɣlant maca ǧǧan-tt yimawlan-ines, aya ur yesɛi anamek. Ɣef waya ay nezga nettweṣṣi-d imaziɣwalen akken ad ssawalen yerna ad ttarun s tutlayt-nsen gar-asen, am wakken ara tt-slemden i warraw-nsen. Seg yidis-nniḍen, aṭas n ccɣel i aɣ-yeggunin. Timɣarin i yecfan ɣef tgemmi ha-tent la ttmettatent. Llan aṭas n yilemẓiyen i yebɣan ad lemden tirawt, maca daɣ llan aṭas n yilemẓiyen i izemren ad slemden neɣ ad arun. Dɣa ggareɣ-d tiɣri i yakk wid i izemren ad gen kra akken ad d-ssukksen tutlayt-nneɣ neɣ ad tt-semlen, ad xedmen ɣef waya war cceḥḥa, war leɛḍil. Ma d awal aneggaru netta tiwwura n tdukkla-nneɣ mazal-itent reẓment (ledyent) i kra n win i yebɣan ad t-nalel deg wayen yerzan tutlayt tamaziɣt.
Yesteqsa-t Mhenni Khalifi