Yiwet n tuttra s wazal-is i d-yettuɣalen yal tikelt deg yisaragen, deg rreḥbat i icudden ɣer uḥric n uzemmur d tmeɣriwin n tzemmurt, i d-yettilin yal tikelt deg temḍiqt n leqbayel.
Tuttra-agi, teɛna taɣara n zzit n uzemmur, gar tmuɣli tussnant d tmuɣli tadelsant i icudden ɣer tmetti taqbaylit i mazal deg unagraw aqbur. Sdat n ubedel deg wudem n tdamsa tagraɣlant s ssebba n uressi n unagraw n tdamsa n ssuq i d-sbeddent tmura n umalu n umaḍal, deg talit-agi, ulac aḥric ur iḥuza ara unagraw-agi yettwabnan, ladɣa, ɣef tzemmar, d uɛawed n tmuɣli deg talɣa n usufeɣ d ttiẓtin n yisufar yemxalafen. Aḥric n zzit n uzemmur d yiwen uḥric yesɛan azal meqqren deg tdamsa d tgemmi n tmura n yilel agarakal, i d-yettarran ugar 98% n zzit n uzemmur n umaḍal. Deg yiseggasen-a ineggura, tbeddel tmuɣli ɣef tɣara n zzit s waṭas s usemres n tarrayin tussnanin deg uḥric-agi n zzit. Aya, dayen smarsent aṭas n tmura n yilel agarakal. Dɣa, ula d tmurt n lezzayer, telḥa deg ubrid n uɛawed n tmuɣli ɣef tɣara n zzit. Ɣef waya i d-yella leqdic meqqren, yakan, i uwellah ɣef tarrayin i d-yewwi ɣef yifellaḥen,ɣef yimɛelmen n tesyar n uzemmur, ad tent-smarsent i usufaɣ n zzit n uzemmur yelhan i tdawsa n wumdan. Gar wudmawen n ubeddel deg talɣa n uḥric n uzemmur, ad naf axlaq n yigezda n uḥric n uzemmur i unadi s wudem ussnan ɣef wayen yesɛan assaɣ d uzemmur, taɣara n zit n uzemmur, lehlakat yettḥazen tazemmurt, ibeɛɛac yettḍurun tazemmurt. Rnu ɣef waya, tarrayin i iwulmen i usufaɣ n zzit n uzemmur ifazen, deg tallit n ufras ɣer tallit n tuẓḍa. yal aḥric, yesɛa ilugan-ines n unagraw i as-iwulmen. Ad naf, dɣa, kra n yilemmas n usileɣ ttwaxelqen-d deg tmurt n Lezzayer, ITAFV (Institut Technique d’Arboriculture fruitière et de la vigne), INPV (Institut National de Protection des Végétaux), ITMAS (Institut de Technologie Moyen Agricole Spécialisé). Ass-a, tamuɣli tussnant n tɣara n zzit n uzemmur, tressa iman-is deg temḍiqt n leqbayel yesɛan amur ameqqran n lɣella n uzemmur. Ttawin-d yimussnawen, yal tikelt, awal ɣef uwennaɛ n tɣara n zzit n uzemmur i ixussen aṭas, alaḥsab n yinadiyen yettwaxedmen, yakan, deg yiseggasen inegura. Ɣef leḥsab n yimussnawen, zzit n ugerzu n Tizi-Uzzu, tesɛa aṭas n teqsaḥ (acidité). Deg yiwen unadi lqayen ɣef zzit n uzemmur, bḍan yimusnawen taɣara n zit ɣef kraḍ n taggayin : deg tazwara, ad naf zzit ur kin waman ( huile d’olive vierge extra ), yesɛan s ddaw neɣ azal n 0,8% n teqsaḥ ; taggayt tis snat, d zzit n uzemmur yelhan ( huile d’olive vierge) yesɛal s ddaw neɣ azal n 2% n teqsaḥ, ma taggayt tis kraḍ, d zzit n uzemmur n yal ass ( huile d’olive vierge courante), yesɛan s ddaw naɣ azal n 3,3% n teqsaḥ. Deg tmuɣli tussnant n tɣara n zzit n uzemmur, aṭas n temsal yesɛan assaɣ d tɣara seg wasmi ara teẓẓuḍ tazemmurt, ɣer ufras-ines akked tukksa n uzemmur i d-yettilin deg tallit ma yuɣal uzemmur d ademdam ( extra-violet), acraw n uzemmur s wudem atrar, ajmaɛ n uzemmur deg yimukan i iqublen ɣer ubaḥri, akked n ujemaɛ n uzemmur ur ilaq ara ad iɛeddi 48 n sswayeɛ (heures), rnu ɣef waya, tarrayt n tuẓḍa n uzemmur yemxalafen gar tissirt d tayeḍ. Akka nwala amecwar n uwennaɛ n tɣara n zzit n uzemmur, d amecwar ɣezzifen, yerna yewɛer deg tmuɣli n yimussnawen n uḥric-agi n uzemmur. Ɣas ma srabes n tefellaḥt s tallelt n yimussnawen, smarsen yakk ttawilat i ubeddel n tmuɣli n yimdanen ɣef tɣara n zzit n uzemmur, maca mazal ar ass-a, tmuɣli tadelsant n uɣref aqbayli yettwabnan ɣaf unagraw aqbur, tersa iman-is deg unnar. Deg tazwara, nezmer ad d-nebder yiwet n temsalt ideg yella umgarad deg tmuɣliwin, aya dayen yeɛnan akud n ucraw n uzemmur. Qqaren yifellaḥen, yewwi-d ad yuɣal uzemmur d aberkan akken ad yesɛu ugar n lɣella n zit. Rnu ɣef waya, amgarad deg wakud n ujmaɛ n lɣella. Qqaren ifellaḥen dɣa ; azemmur s imal yettɛeṭil, iseɛɛu aṭas n zzit, dayen yakk yemgaraden ɣef tussna tamirant, i d-yeqqaren s imal yettɛeṭil uzemmur, ixetter ( subit une fermentation). Dɣa, ad naf yiwet n temsalt-nniḍen i deg mgaraden yifellaḥen d yimussnawen, d amḍay (goût) n zzit n uzemmur, dɣa tamuɣli tadelsant n ugdud, teqqar-d d akken zzit ur nesɛi ara teqsaḥ mačči d zzit, rnu ɣef waya qqaren zzit s imal ttɛeddin leɛwan, tlehhu. Ihi deg yiwet n teswiɛt i deg i nella, ɣas ma aṭas n temsal i icudden ɣer tussna, sɛan yifellaḥen n temḍiqt n leqbayel, aladɣa ayen i icudden ɣel ufras d ttleqim, maca yewwi-d lḥal, ass-a, ɣef uɛawed n tmuɣli ɣef tɣara n zzit n uzemmur, s usemres n tarrayt tussnant n usufeɣ n tɣara ifazen.
Ali Zalouk